Polysaccharides from the green seaweeds Codium fragile and C. vermilara with controversial effects on hemostasis

Isolation of Sulfated Galactan from Codium fragile and Its Antiviral Effect

“…13) The polysaccharide is composed of 3-linked b-D-galactopyranose and it is highly sulfated and substituted with pyruvic acid ketals, however, detailed structure is still unknown. Therefore, this paper is the first report concerning the isolation and determination of the fine chemical structure of sulfated galactan from C. fragile.…”

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] However, the antiviral effect of galactan sulfates from Codium sp. have not been reported previously.…”

Anticoagulant Activity of a Unique Sulfated Pyranosic (1→3)-β-l-Arabinan through Direct Interaction with Thrombin

“…In a previous paper, we reported the characterization of an extract from C. vermilara with high anticoagulant activity inferred from global coagulation tests (APTT and TT) (2). We report now the isolation of an arabinan and its structural characterization as a unique highly sulfated (133)-␤-L-arabinan, with the arabinose units in the pyranose form, as well as the analysis of its anticoagulant behavior, focusing on direct thrombin inhibition mechanism.…”

“…Love and Percival (1) reported that the watersoluble polysaccharides from Codium fragile were composed, at least in part, of 3-linked galactopyranose and 3-linked arabinopyranose units, the former being sulfated on C-4 or C-6, whereas the arabinose residues were suggested to carry sulfate on either C-2 or C-4. Later, it was found that the room temperature water extracts of C. fragile and Codium vermilara were constituted by a family of sulfated polysaccharides comprising galactose and arabinose as major components (2,3). Results obtained until now did not allow investigators to establish beyond doubt whether they are arabinogalactans or a mixture of arabinans and galactans.…”

“…Results obtained until now did not allow investigators to establish beyond doubt whether they are arabinogalactans or a mixture of arabinans and galactans. A lot of information has been obtained in recent years about the galactan structures, which were isolated in some cases in a pure form (2-6) with some small variations on the structures for different species; however, information about the arabinan moiety is scarce (2,3,7,8).…”