Polysensory “Association” Areas of the Cerebral Cortex

Irvine, Dexter R. F.; Phillips, Dennis P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5817-9_5

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Relation to other known auditory pathways The ascending auditory pathways have been broadly characterized into 3 systems labeled (1) lemniscal line (also cochleotopic), (2) lemniscal adjunct (also noncochleotopic), and (3) nonspecific (Graybiel, 1972;Irvine and Phillips, 1982). Neurons of the lemniscal adjunct and nonspecific (mixed) systems are more likely to show associative changes in patterns of firing than neurons of the lemniscal line system (Olds et al, 1972;Disterhoft et al, 1982;Weinberger, 1982;Tischler and Davis, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurons of this system are exclusively responsive to auditory signals and are frequency specific and tonotopically organized (Irvine and Phillips, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurons of this system are broadly tuned and often bimodal or trimodal in response (Irvine and Phillips, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurons of the nonspecific (i.e., mixed) system are also characterized as being broadly tuned, with a high percentage of cells responding to stimuli of more than 1 modality (Irvine and Phillips, 1982;Sotnichenko and Istomina, 1985). At the thalamic level, these neurons are found in the midline and intralaminar nuclei, which are located just posteriorly to the rostra1 thalamic region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lemniscal adjunct system consists of the external and pericentral nucleus of the inferior colliculus, the thalamic posterior nuclear group, including the medial division of the medial geniculate and areas surrounding primary auditory cortex (Morest, 1965;Graybiel, 1972;Irvine and Phillips, 1982;Imig and Morel, 1983). Neurons of this system are broadly tuned and often bimodal or trimodal in response (Irvine and Phillips, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of unit activity in the rostral thalamus of cats related to short-latency discrimination between different auditory stimuli

et al. 1991

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Short-latency auditory-responsive units were found in the rostral thalamus of cats during performance of conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs) elicited discriminatively by a forward-paired, 70-dB-click conditioned stimulus (CS) as opposed to a backward-paired, 70-dB-hiss discriminative stimulus (DS). Discharges in response to the CS or DS were found in 57% of 138 units tested. Forty-one percent of units responding to the CS did so at latencies of less than 40 msec. After conditioning a discriminative CR to click CS, an increase in the ratio of CS-evoked activity to baseline activity was found relative to that before conditioning. This increase was attributable, in part, to a decrease in baseline activity and, in part, to an increase in the magnitude of response to the CS. These responses preceded early components of the electromyographically measured motor responses with latencies sufficient to contribute to initiation of the movement. After acquisition of the CR, the proportion of CS responsive units also increased. We conclude that this area of the thalamus, a region thought to support thalamocortical reverberatory activity, also functions to transmit short-latency auditory signals. Our evidence further suggests that this region may participate in the elicitation of conditioned responses by specific auditory stimuli and in discrimination between auditory stimuli of different significance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurons of this system are exclusively responsive to auditory signals and are frequency specific and tonotopically organized (Irvine and Phillips, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurons of this system are broadly tuned and often bimodal or trimodal in response (Irvine and Phillips, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of unit activity in the rostral thalamus of cats related to short-latency discrimination between different auditory stimuli

et al. 1991

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Topography of projections from the auditory cortex to the inferior colliculus in the rat

Herbert

Aschoff

Ostwald

1991

J of Comparative Neurology

195

126

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We examined the organization of descending projections from auditory and adjacent cortical areas to the inferior colliculus (IC) in the rat by using the retrograde and anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. Small tracer injections were placed into cytologically defined subnuclei of the IC. On the basis of the resulting pattern of retrogradely labeled neurons in the cortex, different cortical areas and fields were defined. Two secondary areas located ventrocaudally (Te2) and ventrally (Te3) to the primary auditory area (Te1) were delineated. The primary auditory area was subdivided into a posterior (Te1.p), a medial (Te1.m), and an anterior (Te1.a) auditory field. In addition, we outlined an area located rostrally to the auditory areas comprising a part of the secondary somatosensory cortex, as well as a dorsal belt surrounding dorsally the auditory areas. The following basic patterns of corticocollicular projections are revealed: 1) layers 2 and 3 of the dorsal cortex of the IC (DC2, DC3) are differentially innervated by the primary auditory fields (Te1.p and Te1.a project bilaterally to DC2, while Te1.m projects bilaterally and in topographical order to DC3); cells in Te1.m, arranged in caudal to rostral sequence, project to corresponding loci in DC3 arranged from dorsolateral to ventromedial; 2) the fibrocellular capsule of the IC, comprising layer 1 of the dorsal and external cortex of the IC, receives input from the secondary auditory area Te2; 3) layers 2 and 3 of the external cortex of the IC are only weakly innervated by the primary and secondary auditory cortex; 4) the intercollicular zone receives its major input from the secondary auditory area Te3, the secondary somatosensory cortex, and the dorsal belt; and 5) finally, the central nucleus of the IC receives no input from the temporal cortex at all. Our results demonstrate that the corticocollicular projections are highly organized. These pathways may modulate auditory processing in different functional circuits of the inferior colliculus.

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