Polysomnographic sleep is not clinically impaired in vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder

Hurwitz, Thomas D.; Mahowald, Mark W.; Kuskowski, Michael A.; Engdahl, Brian

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00089-4

Cited by 125 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, REM sleep architecture appeared non-disrupted in individuals with chronic PTSD [42]. These findings are consistent with previous literature in treatment-seeking, non-minority [43], and military populations [44]. Trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD, compared to those with PTSD, exhibit elevated right frontal theta power (4-8 Hz) during REM sleep.…”

Section: Rdoc Framework-based Correlates Of Trauma and Sleepsupporting

confidence: 89%

Understanding Recent Insights in Sleep and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Framework

Kelly

Killgore

Haynes

2016

Curr Sleep Medicine Rep

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with sleep disturbances, including insomnia, nightmares, sleep-disordered breathing, and REM abnormalities. Recent studies have expanded our knowledge of the neurobiology of trauma and sleep. In addition, intervention research has provided valuable information about how sleep treatments affect PTSD symptoms and how PTSD treatments affect sleep symptoms. This review of recent literature aims to move away from the categorical approach that currently dominates our conceptualization of trauma response and sleep disorders. Possible mechanisms of both trauma and sleep disturbance are posed within the framework put forth by the National Institute of Mental Health's (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project. By examining domains of dysfunction that cut across disorders, RDoC may guide future research and treatment of the maladaptive neurobiological and behavioral correlates of both trauma and sleep disturbances.

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Section: Rdoc Framework-based Correlates Of Trauma and Sleepsupporting

confidence: 89%

Understanding Recent Insights in Sleep and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Framework

Kelly

Killgore

Haynes

2016

Curr Sleep Medicine Rep

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“…Th ese fi ndings fi t well into the symptomatology of continuous overexcitation of PTSD patients as the cause of their poorer sleep quality 20 . Findings in the group of PTSD patients are fully in accordance with the clinical picture of this disorder and point out exactly those characteristics of insomnia which diff er in PTSD and depression: diffi culties in falling asleep, more frequent waking up during the night, and nightmares are typical for PTSD patients, much more so than in patients with depression 21,22 . Recent studies confi rm the diagnostic value of nightmares, which are almost pathognomonic to PTSD 10 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Comparison of Sleep Disturbances in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Patients

Britvić

Antičević

Klepac

2016

acc

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SUMMARY -Th e aim of this study was to explore diff erences in the intensity of depressiveness, sleep disturbances and sleepiness between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients and patients with depression. A total of 170 patients were examined, including 120 PTSD patients and 50 patients with depression. All participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Th e results showed diff erence in the subjective assessment of sleep quality between the war veterans with PTSD and civilians with depression, without signifi cant diff erences between them in the level of depressiveness and sleepiness. Considering the fact that insomnia can occur as an early, covert sign of both PTSD and depression and that diff erences in the intensity of sleep disturbances between the groups were established, the use of these and similar instruments for the assessment of sleep quality can be useful in distinguishing patients with PTSD and depression, treatment of their sleep disturbances, and prevention of more severe symptoms in both diagnostic categories.

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“…Woodward, Murburg, and Bil-wise (2000) found that PTSD patients have more beta-band EEG power in REM sleep and observed that this phenomenon was correlated with subjective hyper-arousal symptoms. On the other hand, Hurwitz et al (1998) and Engdahl et al (2000) reported decreased arousals during non-REM sleep. Klein et al (2002) found that PTSD patients have an increased threshold to awakening, so this observation was compatible with the observation of no increase of wake time in PTSD patients.…”

Section: Traumatic Stressmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, those variables differed from study to study, and some authors (Breslau et al, 2004;Hurwitz, Mahowald, Kuskowski, & Engdahl, 1998;Klein, Koren, Arnon, & Lavie, 2002;Lavie, Katz, Pillar, & Zinger, 1998;Mellman, David, Kulick-Bell, Hebding, & Nolan, 1995) found no differences in sleep architecture between PTSD patients and controls.…”

Section: Traumatic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Psychosocial Stress on Sleep: A Review of Polysomnographic Evidence

Kim

Dimsdale

2007

Behavioral Sleep Medicine

353

250

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This systematic review examines the effect of diverse psychosocial stressors on polysomnographic measures of sleep. Sixty-three articles were located and categorized in terms of the types of stressors imposed. Experimental stress resulted in fairly consistent changes: decreases in slow wave sleep, REM sleep, and sleep efficiency (SE), as well as increases in awakenings. Data were limited in terms of response to non-experimental stressors, except for the case of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on sleep, where a number of reports suggest that PTSD patients have increased awakenings and decreased SE. Future research needs to define stress more precisely in terms of duration and severity and to measure its impacts on sleep in populations that differ in terms of age, comorbid illness, gender, and so forth. Without such fine-grained analyses, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions about this important area.Sleep researchers traditionally have focused on primary sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, narcolepsy, or periodic limb movement disorder; but common knowledge has it that the stresses of daily life can perturb even healthy sleep. As Mason (1968) described, psychological stressors are potent stimuli for physiological stress responses. Most studies on psychosocial stress and its physiological effects on sleep are based solely on subjective reports. However, these subjective reports of sleep are not sufficient to evaluate physiological sleep changes as measured by polysomnography (PSG; Akerstedt, Hume, Minors, & Waterhouse, 1994;Schneider-Helmert & Kumar, 1995). What really happens in sleep physiology after exposure to stressors? Although the gold standard of measurement of sleep is PSG, there are relatively little data concerning the effects of ordinary or severe stress on polysomnographically examined sleep. This article systematically reviews the diverse literature in this area.Stress is notorious for being difficult to define. It encompasses all kinds of stimuli of varying amounts of aversiveness and duration (Dimsdale, Irwin, Keefe, & Stein, 2005). Kecklund and Akerstedt (2004b) grouped stressors conceptionally into physical versus psychological or social, acute versus chronic, and high intensity versus low intensity.Copyright © Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Correspondence should be addressed to Joel E. Dimsdale, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman D., La Jolla, CA 92093-0804. jdimsdale@ucsd.edu. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptBehav Sleep Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 December 15. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptAlthough there are numerous animal models of social stress, it is still challenging to generalize psychosocial stress responses in animals to those in humans. This review focuses on psychosocial stressors; other types of stressors such as environmental manipulations (e.g., temperature), exercise, or intentionally imposed sleep disruption are not covered in this article.It is possible that different types...

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Polysomnographic sleep is not clinically impaired in vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder

Cited by 125 publications

References 37 publications

Understanding Recent Insights in Sleep and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Framework

Understanding Recent Insights in Sleep and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Framework

Comparison of Sleep Disturbances in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Patients

The Effect of Psychosocial Stress on Sleep: A Review of Polysomnographic Evidence

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