Polystyrene and polyether polyurethane elastomer blends compatibilized by SMA: Morphology and mechanical properties

Cassu, Silvana Navarro; Felisberti, Maria I.

doi:10.1002/app.10074

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus, the mechanical properties of PS/AES are a compromise between interfacial adhesion and domain size. Similar behavior was reported for blends of PS and polyurethane rubber 34, 35…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Dynamic mechanical and morphological behavior of blends of polystyrene and poly[acrylonitrile‐g‐(ethylene‐co‐propylene‐co‐diene)‐g‐styrene] prepared by in situ polymerization of styrene

Lourenço

Gonçalves

Felisberti

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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PS/AES blends were prepared by in situ polymerization of styrene in the presence of AES elastomer, a grafting copolymer of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) -SAN and poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-diene)-EPDM chains. These blends are immiscible and present complex phase behavior. Selective extraction of the blends' components showed that some fraction of the material is crosslinked and a grafting of PS onto AES is possible. The morphology of the noninjected blends consists of spherical PS domains covered by a thin layer of AES. After injection molding, the blends show morphology of disperse elastomeric phase morphology in a rigid matrix. Two factors could contribute to the change of morphology: (1) the stationary polymerization conditions did not allow the mixture to reach the equilibrium morphology; (2) the grafting degree between PS and AES was not high enough to ensure the morphological stability against changes during processing in the melting state. The drastic change of EPDM morphology from continuous to disperse phase has as consequence a decrease in the intensity of the loss modulus peaks corresponding to the EPDM glass transition. However, the storage modulus at temperatures between the glass transition of EPDM and PS/SAN phases does not change significantly. This effect was attributed to the presence of the SAN rigid chains in the AES.

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“…Thus, the mechanical properties of PS/AES are a compromise between interfacial adhesion and domain size. Similar behavior was reported for blends of PS and polyurethane rubber 34, 35…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Dynamic mechanical and morphological behavior of blends of polystyrene and poly[acrylonitrile‐g‐(ethylene‐co‐propylene‐co‐diene)‐g‐styrene] prepared by in situ polymerization of styrene

Lourenço

Gonçalves

Felisberti

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The narrowness of the domain size distribution could be associated with the reduction of the coalescence process of the PU-es particles in the presence of the high graft copolymer concentration. 1,6,15 The crosslinking of the PU-es phase by dicumyl peroxide or sulfur practically does not affect the PU-es domain size, as can be seen in Figure 5(a, b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…A similar morphology was observed for blends of PS and SMA containing polyether-polyurethane as a dispersed phase. 15 Figure 5 shows the average diameter size of the PU-es phase as a function of maleic anhydride content in the blend matrix. The bar on each point is related to the maximum and minimum domain size found for each blend.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene and polyester polyurethane elastomer blends compatibilized by SMA

Cassu

Felisberti

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Blends of polystyrene (PS) with polyester polyurethane elastomer (PU-es) were compatibilized by addition of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) containing 7 wt % of maleic anhydride. Binary nonreactive (PS/PUes) blends, binary reactive (SMA/PU-es) blends, and ternary reactive blends (PS/SMA/PU-es) were prepared with 10 and 20 wt % of PU-es. The maleic anhydride content in the ternary reactive blends was varied through addition of different SMA amounts from 0.5 to 5 wt %. Polyurethane in the blends was crosslinked by using dicumyl peroxide or sulfur to improve its mechanical properties. The experimental processing conditions, such as temperature and rotor speed in an internal mixer, were analyzed before blend preparation by processing the individual polymers, PS and SMA, and the PS/PU-es nonreactive blend (90/10), to prevent the degradation of the polymer during melt mixing and to assure macroscopic homogeneity. The torque behavior during the mixture indicated a grafting copolymerization, which was responsible for the significant drop of the PU-es domain size in the glassy matrix, as observed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The miscibility of the glassy matrix, which was shown to be dependent on the composition and the phase behavior of ternary blends, became very complex as the SMA concentration increased, as concluded from dynamical-mechanical analysis. Blends containing 20 wt % of PU-es presented an increase up to a factor of 2 in the deflection at break in relation to PS.

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“…and the increase in the interfacial area between the filler and the matrix by GLDH 65 . However, two types of interfacial interactions occur at the SGLDH‐matrix interface: the physical interactions and the covalent interactions that occur when vinyl (C=C) is involved in the cross‐linking process 66 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…65 However, two types of interfacial interactions occur at the SGLDH-matrix interface: the physical interactions and the covalent interactions that occur when vinyl (C=C) is involved in the crosslinking process. 66 3.5 | Permeability of FKM/LDH, FKM/ GLDH, and FKM/SGLDH nanocomplexes Figure 6 and Table 3 give the findings of the gas barrier properties of the complex materials against CO2. The amount of gas permeation (q) versus time is shown in Figure 6A.…”

Section: Microscopic Morphology Of the Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of graphene oxide/layered double hydroxide modified by 7‐octenyltrimethoxysilane on the mechanical and gas barrier properties of fluoroelastomers

Cong,

Peng,

Yuang

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Layered double hydroxide/graphene oxide (GLDH) composites (SGLDH) modified by 7‐octenyltrimethoxysilane (7‐OTOS) were prepared by co‐precipitation method. The structure and morphology of SGLDH were characterized using x‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. According to the obtained results, 7‐OTOS was successfully grafted onto graphene oxide (GO) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) surfaces. 7‐OTOS was grafted on both GO and LDH surfaces, which is why the amount of LDH loaded on the SGLDH surface was significantly increased compared with that on the GLDH composite. The filler‐matrix interfacial interactions of the SGLDH‐filled fluoroelastomer composites were characterized using contact angle analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, RPA analysis, FTIR, SEM, and cross‐linking density tests. It was indicated that the interfacial interactions between the SGLDH and matrix were significantly improved, and the SGLDH was well dispersed in the fluoroelastomer composites. In addition, the gas barrier properties and mechanical properties of the fluoroelastomer composites were tested. The carbon dioxide permeability coefficients of the fluoroelastomer composites filled with 10‐phr SGLDH increased by about 32.1% and 20.3%, and the tensile strengths increased by about 47.6% and 27.7%, respectively, compared with those of the fluoroelastomer composites filled with 10‐phr LDH and GLDH.Highlights SLDH nanocomposites are based on silyl ether linkages to increase LDH loading. Elastomer nanocomposites exhibited interfacial cross‐linking mechanism. Interfacial interactions were exhibited between FKM and SGLDH. FKM/SGLDH exhibited enhanced gas barrier properties (+32%) compared to FKM. FKM/SGLDH exhibited enhanced mechanical properties (+47%) compared to FKM.

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Polystyrene and polyether polyurethane elastomer blends compatibilized by SMA: Morphology and mechanical properties

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Dynamic mechanical and morphological behavior of blends of polystyrene and poly[acrylonitrile‐g‐(ethylene‐co‐propylene‐co‐diene)‐g‐styrene] prepared by in situ polymerization of styrene

Dynamic mechanical and morphological behavior of blends of polystyrene and poly[acrylonitrile‐g‐(ethylene‐co‐propylene‐co‐diene)‐g‐styrene] prepared by in situ polymerization of styrene

Polystyrene and polyester polyurethane elastomer blends compatibilized by SMA

Effect of graphene oxide/layered double hydroxide modified by 7‐octenyltrimethoxysilane on the mechanical and gas barrier properties of fluoroelastomers

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