Polystyrene nanoplastics foster Escherichia coli O157:H7 growth and antibiotic resistance with a stimulating effect on metabolism

Abstract

The ever-increasing environmental risks posed by nanoplastics (NPs) have been drawing more concerns to their biological effects but with limited information on pathogenic bacteria. This work reported the alterations in...

Toxicity Assessment of Environmental Liquid Crystal Monomers: A Bacteriological Investigation on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis

“…In vivo SPME has been remarkably effective in the extraction of volatile biometabolites. ,,, Even though intracellular global metabolism exhibits effects of metabolic imbalance on various pathways, there is no global metabolomics technology that can realize dynamic monitoring in vivo . Additionally, previous studies have reflected the potential of microbial volatile metabolites in explaining microbial metabolic dysregulation. ,, Hence, LCM-mediated metabolic dysregulation could be clarified by profiling microbial metabolites via in vivo SPME.…”

“…Humans are exposed to LCMs mainly through the skin and diet, which then influence the normal physiological status of human microbiota. The exposure to environmental pollutants induced excess ROS to resist the adverse effects of these substances. ,, Similarly, as emerging exogenous pollutants, LCMs may induce the overproduction of ROS after entering human commensal bacteria, which may further result in lipid peroxidation. As the own regulation of bacteria cells could not prevent the membrane lipid peroxidation process, free radical-induced cellular damage would happen to affect the normal function of the cell membrane .…”

“…As our previous studies indicated, , the bacteria at the late exponential stage were washed with normal saline before they were added into wells in conical bottles containing different concentrations of LCMs sterile medium. They were sampled periodically into 96-well plates to measure absorbance.…”

“…In our previous studies, in vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been efficient for monitoring real-time situations in living organisms under different stimuli exposures. − By reasonable design of the fiber coating, high coverage of endogenous metabolites can be achieved, reflecting dynamic metabolic changes in organisms in the presence of exogenous pollutants. Human microbiota mediate dynamic interactions with the host and their metabolites were increasingly identified as important modulators of human biological processes. , Utilizing the in vivo SPME technique to explore the dynamic metabolic changes of human commensal bacteria induced by LCMs may unravel a few undiscovered metabolic changes caused by LCMs, simultaneously filling the gap on LCM toxicity in humans.…”