Polystyrene‐sulfonate‐doped polypyrrole: Low‐cost hole transport material for developing highly efficient organic solar cells

Abstract

Summary The hole transport layer (HTL) is a vital part in an organic photovoltaic (OPV) device for improving hole extraction ability. The HTL of OPV devices is typically prepared using poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). However, it presents several disadvantages, including causing deterioration of the active layers, exhibiting sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, and possessing a short lifespan. Hence, focus has increased on alternative p‐type semiconductors with improved environmental stability, easier processing, and higher conductivity. In this study, we prepare water‐stable, low‐cost, and low‐acidity PSS‐doped polypyrrole (PPY) with varying PSS concentrations for use as the HTL in OPV devices. The films formed using PPY:PSS exhibit an extremely high transmittance within the visible range. The PPY:PSS HTL‐based OPV may reach to highest power conversion efficiency of 5.0% (ie, 11% higher than a PEDOT:PSS‐based one) when using an optimal PSS concentration in PPY.

Polypyrrole-Decorated Hybrid Anode Interlayer for Enhancing Efficiency and Stability of Non-Fullerene Solar Cells

“…47−51 Additionally, direct introduction of different species into the PEDOT:PSS aqueous solution also plays an important role, involving organic and inorganic ones, among which the polyoxometalates emerge as the feasible and effective one. 52−58 On the other hand, other types of conducting polymers have been exploited as well, such as polyaniline, 41,59 polypyrrole (PPy), 60,61 etc. In a report by Liao, the electrodeposited PPy:PSS as the interlayer exhibited extremely weak corrosion on the ITO electrode.…”

“…Straightforward modification on the commercial PEDOT:PSS has become one of the most effective strategies . In this regard, various polar solvents and surfactants have been used for modifying the surface of the PEDOT:PSS pure film. − Additionally, direct introduction of different species into the PEDOT:PSS aqueous solution also plays an important role, involving organic and inorganic ones, among which the polyoxometalates emerge as the feasible and effective one. − On the other hand, other types of conducting polymers have been exploited as well, such as polyaniline, , polypyrrole (PPy), , etc. In a report by Liao, the electrodeposited PPy:PSS as the interlayer exhibited extremely weak corrosion on the ITO electrode .…”

Effect of phthalocyanine-based charge transport layers on unleaded KSnI3 perovskite solar cell

“…The second-generation SC consists of thin film cells such as cadmium telluride(CdTe), amorphous silicon(Si), and cadmium indium gallium selenide (CIGS) which are less expensive than the silicon SCs but also have lesser PCE [3]. The third-generation SCs consist of dye-sensitized, organic, and perovskite solar cells (PSC) which have short-term stability, and the technology is not mature enough for industrial applications [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Fluorinated Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone)‐Based Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Dispersion: A Hole Transport Layer Material in Organic Solar Cells

“…Though metal oxides, including V 2 O 5 , WO 3 , NiO, and MoO 3, were considered alternatives to PEDOT:PSS, [23,24] the fabrication of metal oxides films by vacuum sputtering technique is more expensive than simple solution roll-to-roll or spincoating processes. Hence, conductive organic dispersions including PSS:polyaniline (PANI), [25] PANI doped with camphor sulfonic acid, [26] and polypyrrole:PSS [27,28] were developed as HTL materials in last several years. The aim has been to find an appropriate processable HTL solution material with very good hole transport and collection at the anodic interface.…”