Polystyrene Sulfonate Threaded through a Metal–Organic Framework Membrane for Fast and Selective Lithium‐Ion Separation

Abstract

Extraction of lithium ions from salt-lake brines is very important to produce lithium compounds.H erein, we report an ew approach to construct polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) threaded HKUST-1 metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes through an in situ confinement conversion process. The resulting membrane PSS@HKUST-1-6.7, with unique anchored three-dimensional sulfonate networks,s hows av ery high Li + conductivity of 5.53 10 À4 Scm À1 at 25 8 8C, 1.89 10 À3 Scm À1 at 70 8 8C, and Li + flux of 6.75 mol m À2 h À1 ,w hich are five orders higher than that of the pristine HKUST-1membrane.Attributed to the different sizesieving effects and the affinity differences of the Li + ,N a + ,K + ,a nd Mg 2+ ions to the sulfonate groups,t he PSS@HKUST-1-6.7 membrane exhibits ideal selectivities of 78, 99, and 10296 for Li + /Na + , Li + /K + ,Li + /Mg 2+ and real binary ion selectivities of 35, 67, and 1815, respectively,t he highest ever reported among ionic conductors and Li + extraction membranes.Supportinginformation and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under http://dx.

Ti-Exchanged UiO-66-NH2–Containing Polyamide Membranes with Remarkable Cation Permselectivity

“…This pore size distribution enabled the facile permeation and sieving of the Na + , Li + , and Mg 2+ ions, which presented hydrated diameters of 7.2, 7.6, and 8.6 A, respectively. 29 The analysis of the SRPES profiles of the samples provided critical details on the post-synthetic process of the UiO-66(Zr)-NH 2 nanoparticles, such as the suppression of the Zr peak and emergence of the Ti peak (Figure 1e), which implied the successful replacement of Zr 4+ ions with Ti 3+ ions in UiO-66(Zr/Ti)-NH 2 . To analyze the XPS profiles of the nanoparticles, we used Ti 4+ ions to exchange a fraction of the Zr 4+ ions in UiO-66(Zr)-NH 2 using the same post-synthesis process (Supporting Information, Figure S5).…”

“…28 Hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (HPAN) was used as the substrate owing to its negligible ion transport resistance. 29 In this study, UiO-66(Zr)-NH 2 nanoparticles were prepared by reacting zirconium (IV) chloride (ZrCl 4 ) with 2-aminoterephthalic acid (2-NH 2 -BDC). Subsequently, a fraction of the Zr 4+ ions in UiO-66(Zr)-NH 2 was replaced with Ti 3+ ions, which neutralized some of the positive charge and introduced a negative charge in the porous framework of UiO-66(Zr)-NH 2 .…”

Improving the performance of sulfonated polymer membrane by using sulfonic acid functionalized hetero‐metallic metal‐organic framework for DMFC applications

“…21,22 Preparing MOF/polymer composites is one of the effective strategies to achieve PEM with an improved performance. [23][24][25][26][27] When MOF mixed with polymers, the polymer fills the grain boundaries of MOF and supports the mechanical strength of the MOF. On the other side, the composite membranes will display an enhancement in proton conductivity, which is due to the transfer of proton conductivity from MOF to the polymer through the interface.…”

“…In MOF, protons can be transferred in two ways: (a) it can transport via the hydrogen‐bonded networks and/or, (b) transport through carriers loaded in the pores of MOF . Preparing MOF/polymer composites is one of the effective strategies to achieve PEM with an improved performance . When MOF mixed with polymers, the polymer fills the grain boundaries of MOF and supports the mechanical strength of the MOF.…”

Comparison Between Conventional Solvothermal and Aqueous Solution-based Production of UiO-66-NH2: Life Cycle Assessment, Techno-economic Assessment, and Implications for CO2 Capture and Storage

“…MOFs are known for their high porosity, uniform and tunable pore size, good crystallinity, and a high degree of chemical tunability [1][2][3]. As such, MOFs have been applied either independently in catalysis [4][5][6], sensing [7][8][9][10], and gas storage [11][12][13][14][15][16] or in hybrid materials in gas separation [17][18][19][20], ion sieving [21][22][23], and desalination [24][25][26][27], and MOFs are expected to play a more important role in high-impact applications in the near future [8,28,29].…”