Polythiophene-g-poly(ethylene glycol) with Lateral Amino Groups as a Novel Matrix for Biosensor Construction

Abstract

In the ever-expanding field of conducting polymer research, functionalized graft hybrid copolymers have gained considerable interest in the biomedical engineering and biosensing applications, particularly. In the present work, a new biosensor based on conducting graft copolymer for the detection of phenolic compounds was developed. Thereby, a robust and novel material, namely "polythiophene-g-poly(ethylene glycol) with lateral amino groups" (PT-NH2-g-PEG) hybrid conducting polymer was synthesized via Suzuki condensation polymerization and characterized with (1)H NMR analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and fluorescence spectroscopy. PT-NH2-g-PEG architecture was then applied as an immobilization matrix to accomplish extended biosensing function. In a typical process, Laccase was utilized as a model enzyme for the detection of phenolic compounds. Detailed surface characterization of PT-NH2-g-PEG/Lac was performed by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy measurements. Optimum pH and polymer amount were found to be pH 6.5 and 0.5 mg polymer, respectively, with the linear range of 0.0025-0.05 mM and 132.45 μA/mM sensitivity. The kinetic parameters of PT-NH2-g-PEG/Lac are 0.026 mM for Km(app) and 7.38 μA for Imax, respectively. Furthermore, the PT-NH2-g-PEG/Lac biofilm was retained 82% of its activity for 12 days indicating excellent recovery as tested with artificial wastewater.

Highly efficient poly(fluorene phenylene) copolymer as a new class of binder for high-capacity silicon anode in lithium-ion batteries

“…In recent years, extensive efforts have been performed at polymer binders to develop the electrode performance of Si-Li alloys, on the point of silicon particles with polymers provide a flexible structure by allowing the silicon to expand in buffer matrix and keep the electrode integrity. [34][35][36][37][38][39] Wu et al and Liu et al presented 2 similar polymers which have parallel functional groups for binder in LIBs. [27][28][29] Recent researches have focused on the importance of conductive and flexible polymer binders in order to prevent failure mechanism of silicon anodes.…”

Micro‐ and Nanoscopic Imaging of Enzymatic Electrodes: A Review

“…AFM was also combined to fluorescence microscopy imaging to characterize a laccase cross‐linked via glutaraldehyde in a polythiophene‐based conducting polymer. A decrease in surface roughness was evidenced by AFM upon enzyme coating, while the laccase molecules appeared as spots in the self‐fluorescent polymer . AFM requires mostly planar surfaces, however it also allowed to study the presence of laccase on highly‐oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) after different adsorption times (20 s, 30 min and 24 h) .…”

Poly(p‐phenylene) with Poly(ethylene glycol) Chains and Amino Groups as a Functional Platform for Controlled Drug Release and Radiotherapy

“…Ever‐expanding research activity has focused on the development of fluorescence‐based water soluble organic conjugated polymers relying on π‐electron delocalization features. Among the vast number of π‐conjugated polymers, poly(p‐phenylene) (PPP) and its derivatives are the most appealing polymers in terms of their relatively good electrochemical, electrochromic, luminescent, and shielding properties …”