Polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to incident mobility disability and decline in gait speed; the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study

Reinders, Ilse; Murphy, Rachel A.; Song, Xiaoling; Visser, Marjolein; Cotch, Mary Frances; Lang, Thomas; García, Melissa; Launer, Lenore J.; Siggeirsdóttir, Kristín; Eiríksdóttir, Guðný; Jónsson, Pálmi V.; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Harris, Tamara B.; Brouwer, Ingeborg A.

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.277

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, another study showed no associations between self-reported omega-3 PUFAs and physical performance measures such as chair rise, grip strength, and gait speed, casting doubt over the role of omega-3 PUFAs in physical function (Rousseau et al 2009). In AGES-Reykjavik study, a population-based study of risk factors for disease and disability in old age, higher concentrations of omega-3 PUFAs and, particularly, DHA may protect women from impaired mobility but does not appear to have such an effect in men (Reinders et al 2015b). Several limitations of this study need to be mentioned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

et al. 2017

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Studies have shown that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are associated with brain, cardiovascular, and immune function, as well as physical performance and bone health in older adults. So far, few studies have investigated the associations between PUFA status and performancebased tests of physical function. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between the omega-3 PUFA levels (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) in red blood cell (RBC) membranes and physical performance, in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. This is a longitudinal observational study using data from the Multidomain Alzheimer's Disease Trial (MAPT), a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Four hundred participants from MAPT placebo group with available PUFA data were included. Omega-3 PUFA levels in RBC membranes were measured at baseline, and their percentage of total RBC membrane fatty acid content was calculated. We dichotomized the standardized omega-3 PUFA levels in RBC membranes as low (lowest quartile) vs. high (three upper quartiles). Gait speed (in m/s) and short physical performance battery (SPPB) score (range from 0 to 12, higher is better) were used to assess physical performance at baseline and after 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Participants were 75.2 (± 4.3) years old and 68% were female. Bivariate analyses found that the characteristic of the participants in the lowest quartile of omega-3 PUFA levels (Q1) and those in the three upper quartiles (Q2-Q4) was not different at baseline; only those in Q1 were slightly older. In an unadjusted model, the difference in gait speed after 3 years of follow-up was significant (− 0.09 ± 0.03 m/s; p = 0.008) between participants in Q1 and those in Q2-Q4. In a model adjusted for age, gender, educational level, cognitive function, depressive status, body mass index, physical activity, grip strength, and their time interaction, this difference remained clinically relevant (− 0.07 ± 0.04 m/s; p = 0.075). No difference between the two groups was found for the SPPB score development over 3 years. Older adults with subjective memory complaints and in the lower quartile of omega-3 have a faster decline on gait speed compared to people in the three upper quartiles. Other longitudinal studies are needed to explore this association and to examine mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

et al. 2017

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“…Further, this study provides novel preliminary evidence that greater dietary and serum omega-6/omega-3, signifying excess omega-6 LC-PUFAs intake and blood values relative to omega-3s, may adversely influence physical and metabolic health in chronic stroke survivors. While we are the first to examine these relationships in a cohort of chronic stroke survivors, this study supports data from non-stroke populations suggesting that higher dietary and systemic concentrations of omega-3 LC-PUFAs, compared to omega-6s, protect against accelerated age-and disease-associated decline of physical and psychosocial functioning and development of insulin resistance and chronic inflammation [12][13][14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Dietary and Serum Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acids Are Associated with Physical and Metabolic Function in Stroke Survivors

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this study was to quantify habitual dietary and systemic omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids and their ratios and to determine their relationship with physical and metabolic function in a cohort of chronic adult stroke survivors. Twenty-five older chronic stroke survivors (age: 63 ± 8 years; BMI: 31 ± 7 kg/m2; mean ± SD) were assessed for fitness (VO2peak), gait speed (GS), 3 m timed up and go (TUG), and six-minute walk distance (6MWD). Plasma lipid and glucose profiles were measured, and HOMA-IR calculated. Dietary (5-day food records) and serum (mass spectrometry) omega-6/omega-3 profiles were assessed. Participants were severely deconditioned (VO2peak: 19 ± 4 mL/kg/min; GS: 0.88 ± 0.28 m/s; TUG: 12.6 ± 5.9 s; 6MWD: 295 ± 121 m) and at elevated metabolic risk (HOMA-IR: 6.3 ± 4.5). The dietary intake ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids averaged 12.6 ± 7.1 and the serum concentration ratio was 1.21 ± 0.37, which were correlated (r = 0.88, p < 0.01). Higher dietary intake and serum concentrations of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids were associated with lower 6MWD and higher HOMA-IR, while a higher serum omega-6/omega-3 concentration index was associated with lower VO2peak (p’s < 0.05). These preliminary data suggest that both dietary omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids (quantitated as their intake ratio) and the serum concentration ratio of omega-6/omega-3 may be important indices of physical dysfunction and insulin resistance in chronic stroke survivors.

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“…The concentrations of fatty acids were expressed as a relative percent of the sum of the 24 fatty acids reported in NHANES as shown in Table S1 . The concentration of LCn-3 PUFAs was determined in the same manner as previous publications [ 9 , 15 , 16 ], as the sum of EPA, DHA and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) divided by total fatty acids (See Table S1 for all fatty acids included in the “total fatty acids” denominator).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suboptimal Plasma Long Chain n-3 Concentrations are Common among Adults in the United States, NHANES 2003–2004

Murphy

Ciappio

et al. 2015

Nutrients

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Population data on long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCn-3 PUFA) status from biomarkers of dietary intake is lacking. The objectives were to describe plasma LCn-3 PUFA concentrations and compare them to concentrations associated with cardiovascular health and dietary recommendations for two servings of seafood/week. Fasting plasma fatty acids were measured among 1386 subjects ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2004. LCn-3 concentrations represent the sum of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid relative to total fatty acids (expressed as a percentage). Mean LCn-3 PUFA concentration was 2.07% (95% CI 1.95–2.19). Overall, 80.6% of participants had LCn-3 below concentrations recommended for cardiovascular health. Hispanic participants were the most likely to have LCn-3 PUFA below recommended levels. Nearly all participants (95.7%) had LCn-3 below concentrations associated with cardiovascular protection. Older participants (≥60 years) had higher LCn-3 PUFA concentrations than those aged 20–39 years but not aged 40–59 years. LCn-3 PUFA concentrations were lower for Hispanic participants relative to non-Hispanic black participants. Suboptimal LCn-3 concentrations are common among U.S. adults. These findings highlight the need to increase LCn-3 intake among Americans.

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to incident mobility disability and decline in gait speed; the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

Dietary and Serum Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acids Are Associated with Physical and Metabolic Function in Stroke Survivors

Suboptimal Plasma Long Chain n-3 Concentrations are Common among Adults in the United States, NHANES 2003–2004

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