Polyurethane nanocomposites prepared from solvent-free stable dispersions of functionalized graphene nanosheets in polyols

Appel, Anna-Katharina; Thomann, Ralf; Mülhaupt, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2012.09.016

Cited by 77 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this respect, it is imperative to develop a facile and friendly method to efficiently vest graphene with high dispersity in solvents or polymer matrix with the assistance of simultaneous surface modification. Covalent functionalization on the surface of GNSs is an effective strategy for fabricating GNS-based polymer composites, which is an available method for improving the interfacial interactions between GNSs and polymer matrix [18][19][20][21][22][23]. The graphene oxide (GO), the precursor of GNS, has abundant functional groups on the surface including hydroxyls, epoxides, and carboxyls, which provide the reactive site for covalent functionalization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amine-graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites: effects of different amine modifiers on physical properties

Jiang

Bian

et al. 2016

J Mater Sci

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To study the dispersity of different amine-graphene oxide (amine-GO) in polymer matrix and the interfacial interactions between functionalized graphene oxide and matrix, two kinds of modifiers-organoamine-and aminosilane-coupling agents-were used to functionalize graphene nanosheets to obtain functionalized graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites by in situ polymerization. The chemical structure, morphology, and interlayer space of amine-GO nanoplatelets were confirmed by FT-IR, Raman, TGA, XPS, TEM, AFM, and XRD. The dispersity behaviors between different amineGOs and polymers were evaluated by FESEM. The thermal, mechanical, and hydrophobic properties of the nanocomposites were investigated by TGA, tensile testing machine, and water contact angle test, respectively. It was found that the tensile strength of nanocomposites was increased from 10.13 to 27.79 and 28.96 Mpa after the addition of amine-GO functionalized by APTMS and APTES, respectively. The better thermal stability and hydrophobicity of nanocomposites were also achieved by the addition of amine-GO, especially those modified by aminosilane-coupling agents. This study paves a new route for designing and developing chemically converted graphene oxide nanosheets/polymer nanocomposite materials by altering suitable amine-modifier to functionalize graphene oxide nanosheets and then optimizing the interphases between graphene oxide nanosheets and polymer matrices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amine-graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites: effects of different amine modifiers on physical properties

Jiang

Bian

et al. 2016

J Mater Sci

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“…The produced graphene dispersions were used for manufacturing graphene lms by printing techniques or for preparation of graphene nanocomposites with superior mechanical and electrical properties. [29][30][31] Processing of unmodied graphite by HPH, however, did not yield stable graphene suspensions. 31 Yi et al showed the feasibility of delamination by HPH for unmodied graphite and other layered materials and investigated the inuence of feed concentration and processing time on yield and morphology of the product.…”

Section: 28mentioning

confidence: 97%

Delamination of graphite in a high pressure homogenizer

et al. 2015

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A scalable industrial method for graphene and Few-Layer-Graphene (FLG) production by graphite delamination in N-methylpyrrolidone and water-surfactant mixtures using a high pressure homogenizer is presented. This paper is focused on processing conditions and extensive subsequent analysis of the delaminated products by a combination of analytical ultracentrifugation, UV/Vis and statistical Raman spectroscopies including co-localization with atomic force microscopy. In this way quantitative processing-structure-property correlations showing how suspension properties and processing parameters governing yield, quality and lateral dimension of the produced graphene are obtained. It is found that a high pressure homogenizer can be used to obtain sufficiently high concentrated FLG suspensions with low defect concentration.

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“…[41,42] Processing techniques such as blending in solution, coextrusion, three-roll milling or simple mechanical mixing are currently used to disperse graphene in polymer matrices, but optimal conditions depend on the graphene type used, the polymer matrix and the final application targeted by the composite. An ideal technique to ensure uniform distribution of the graphene sheets in the polymer relies on surface functionalization of graphene with groups able to trigger polymerization.…”

Section: Chemical Defects At the Nanoscale Control The Mechanical Promentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[43] In this way the sheets are dispersed into the monomers, and polymer chains grow directly from the surface of the sheet, ensuring good dispersion of the sheets in the matrix, negligible aggregation and a high degree of interaction between the polymer and the sheet. [20] As example, this powerful in situ approach allowed the production of elastomeric polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites by polymerization of diisocyanate with functionalized graphene nanosheets dispersions in polyether polyols, [41] or electrodes for capacitors by oxidative polymerization of polypyrrole on GO [42] and electropolymerization of polyaniline on GO paper. [44] Such approaches have the advantage of avoiding high shear forces, which may reduce the graphene size, produce composites with a very high graphene loading and give a high degree of graphene alignment.…”

Section: Chemical Defects At the Nanoscale Control The Mechanical Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Mechanics of Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Composites: A Scientific and Technological Perspective

Palermo

Kinloch

Ligi³

et al. 2016

Advanced Materials

152

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Graphene shows considerable promise in structural composite applications thanks to its unique combination of high tensile strength, Young's modulus and structural flexibility which arise due to its maximal chemical bond strength and minimal atomic thickness. However, the ultimate performance of graphene composites will depend, in addition to the properties of the matrix and interface, on the morphology of the graphene used, including the size and shape of the sheets and the number of chemical defects present. For example, whilst oxidized sp(3) carbon atoms and vacancies in a graphene sheet can degrade its mechanical strength, they can also increase its interaction with other materials such as the polymer matrix of a composite, thus maximizing stress transfer and leading to more efficient mechanical reinforcement. Herein, we present an overview of some recently published work on graphene mechanical properties and discuss a list of challenges that need to be overcome (notwithstanding the strong hype existing on this material) for the development of graphene-based materials into a successful technology.

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Polyurethane nanocomposites prepared from solvent-free stable dispersions of functionalized graphene nanosheets in polyols

Cited by 77 publications

References 32 publications

Amine-graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites: effects of different amine modifiers on physical properties

Amine-graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposites: effects of different amine modifiers on physical properties

Delamination of graphite in a high pressure homogenizer

Nanoscale Mechanics of Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Composites: A Scientific and Technological Perspective

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