Polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber reinforced Nafion membranes for fuel cell applications

Mollá, Sergio; Compañ, Vicente

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2011.02.001

Cited by 137 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…50 wt%), which caused about one order of magnitude reduction of methanol permeability while proton conductivity in comparison with pristine Nafion ® was just slightly reduced due to the non-conducting behaviour of PVA. Interestingly, the strong reinforcement effect induced by the nanofibers enabled the preparation of very low thickness membranes with good mechanical properties and low ohmic resistances, which resulted in advantageous fuel cell performances [37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite SPEEK-based membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells at intermediate temperatures

Mollá

Compañ

2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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Novel nanocomposite membranes were prepared by infiltration of a blend of sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), using water as solvent, into electrospun nanofibers of SPEEK blended with polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The membranes were characterized for their application on Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) operating at moderate temperatures (>80 ºC). An important role of the solvent on the crosslinking temperature for the SPEEK-PVA system was observed. A mat of hydrated SPEEK-30%PVB nanofibers revealed a higher proton conductivity in comparison with a dense membrane of similar composition. Incorporation of the nanofiber mats to the SPEEK-35%PVA matrix provided mechanical stability, methanol barrier properties and certain proton conductivity up to a crosslinking temperature of 120 ºC. Not remarkable effect of the nanofibers was found above that crosslinking temperature. The combined effect of the nanofibers and crosslinking temperature on the properties of the membranes is discussed. DMFC performance experiments concluded promising results for this new low-cost type of membranes, although further optimization steps are still required.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite SPEEK-based membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells at intermediate temperatures

Mollá

Compañ

2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…The Nafion/PVA membranes were prepared by successive loading of Nafion ® into a mat of nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which was obtained by electrospinning [12,29]. The main advantages given by the nanofibers involve the mechanical reinforcement of the composite films and the methanol barrier effect caused by the low methanol permeability of the PVA phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Methanol Permeability through Pristine Nafion® and Nafion/PVA Membranes Measured by Different Techniques. A Comparison of Methodologies

et al. 2011

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Methanol crossover through polymer electrolyte membranes is a critical issue and causes an important reduction of performance in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Measuring the evolution of CO2 gas in the cathode is a common method to determine the methanol crossover under real operating conditions, although an easier and simpler method is preferable for the screening of membranes during their step of development. In this sense, this work has been focused on the ex situ characterization of the methanol permeability in novel nanofiber‐reinforced composite Nafion/PVA membranes for DMFC application by means of three different experimental procedures: (a) potentiometric method, (b) gas chromatography technique, and (c) measuring the density. It was found that all these methods resulted in comparable results and it was observed that the incorporation of the PVA nanofiber phase within the Nafion® matrix causes a remarkable reduction of the methanol permeability. The optimal choice of the most suitable technique depends on the accuracy expected for the methanol concentration, the availability of the required instrumental, and the complexity of the procedure.

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“…65 summarized the materials which commonly used in DAFC membrane, which are the Nafion from Dupont, Sulfonated Poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK), and polyvinyl acetate (PVA). A lot of researchers [69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80] developed composites based on those materials to improve the efficiency of the DAFC. The development occurred in both PEM and AEM.…”

Section: Membrane In Direct Alcohol Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances on Zeolite modification for direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs)

Makertihartha¹,

Zunita²,

Rizki³

et al. 2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The increase of energy demand and global warming issues has driven studies of alternative energy sources. The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) can be an alternative energy source by (partially) replacing the use of fossil fuel which is in line with the green technology concept. However, the usage of hydrogen as a fuel has several disadvantages mainly transportation and storage related to its safety aspects. Recently, alcohol has gained attention as an energy source for fuel cell application, namely direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC). Among alcohols, high-mass energy density methanol and ethanol are widely used as direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC), respectively. Currently, the performance of DMFC is still rudimentary. Furthermore, the use of ethanol gives some additional privileges such as non-toxic property, renewable, ease of production in great quantity by the fermentation of sugar-containing raw materials. Direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC) still has weakness in the low proton conductivity and high alcohol crossover. Therefore, to increase the performance of DAFC, modification using zeolite has been performed to improve proton conductivity and decrease alcohol crossover. Zeolite also has high thermal resistance properties, thereby increasing DAFC performance. This paper will discuss briefly about modification of catalyst and membrane for DAFC using zeolite. Zeolite modification effect on fuel cell performance especially proton conductivity and alcohol crossover will be presented in detail.

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Polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber reinforced Nafion membranes for fuel cell applications

Cited by 137 publications

References 51 publications

Nanocomposite SPEEK-based membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells at intermediate temperatures

Nanocomposite SPEEK-based membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells at intermediate temperatures

On the Methanol Permeability through Pristine Nafion® and Nafion/PVA Membranes Measured by Different Techniques. A Comparison of Methodologies

Recent advances on Zeolite modification for direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs)

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