Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Acting as Occupational Hazard in a Factory Worker Presented with Acute Toxic Encephalopathy: A Case Report

Khosya, Surendra; Kushwaha, Suman; Dung, Aldrin Anthony Dung

doi:10.4172/2161-0495.1000400

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Impact modifiers (IM) should have rubber properties such as acrylic rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, or butadiene styrene. IM are mixed with PVC with an amount of 5-20 wt.% to give the PVC a toughening property [29,30].…”

Section: Impact Modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly Vinyl Chloride Additives and Applications-A Review

Elgharbawy

2022

JRACR

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A Pure polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a white, brittle material and it is the third-largest polymers produced after polyethylene and polypropylene as 40 million tons of PVC are produced yearly. The basic structure of PVC is (C2H3Cl)n and it is produced by polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) with a polymerization degree ranges from 300 to 1500. The chlorine content in PVC is about 57% by weight, which makes it less dependent on hydrocarbon content. In this paper, we are going to reveal the PVC additives and applications.

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Section: Impact Modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly Vinyl Chloride Additives and Applications-A Review

Elgharbawy

2022

JRACR

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“…The styrene exposure causes headache, fatigue, and color vision problem in PGMF workers [29,30]. Chemical additives and heavy metals used in the plastic product can cause skin allergy, dermatitis, skin vesicle, insomnia, nausea, bone pain, joint pain, and allergy-related nasal discharge with mucosal congestion [26,[31][32][33]. Exposure to Teflon pyrolytic gases in the plastic industry causes pulmonary edema, chest pain, and shortness of breathing [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bisphenol-A exposure can cause hypertension [35]. Factory workers had evidence of a decreased level of consciousness, memory loss, acute toxic encephalopathy, and abdominal pain after exposure to polyvinyl chloride [33]. Formaldehyde exposure can cause urination problems, and loss of appetite [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory, Neurological and Other Health Outcomes among Plastic Factory Workers in Gazipur, Bangladesh

Das

Rahman

Husna

et al. 2022

AJMAH

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Background: Approximately three thousand plastic goods manufacturing factories (PGMF) are currently operating in Bangladesh involving numerous workers. Associated health problems of these workers are largely unknown. The key objectives of the current study were identifying plastic chemical exposures related health outcomes in these workers and comparing these outcomes before and after their joining in PGMFs. In addition, we aimed to investigate the relationships between work duration and the prevalence of health ailments among workers. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among factory workers (n=405) at six PGMFs in Gazipur district in Bangladesh. A simple random sampling method had been applied to select participants and data on their self-reported exposures to chemicals and associated respiratory, neurological, and other multiple health outcomes were collected through a validated questionnaire survey. Data were analyzed using different descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The categorical variables and continuous variables were interpreted using frequency distribution and standard deviation (SD) respectively. A Pearson chi-square (χ2) test was applied to evaluate the correlation between work duration and health outcomes. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results: The average age and work duration of the workers were 25.63±6.85 and 3.49±3.53 years, respectively, implying that most workers were young, and spent over 10% of their lifetime in PGMFs work. Most common health outcomes reported by the workers were nasal discharges: 60 (14.9%), headaches: 76 (18.9%), fatigues: 112 (27.8%), losses of appetites: 108 (26.8%), urination problems: 61 (13.1%), losses of body weights: 102 (25.3%), and nervousness: 70 (17.4%). Among the common health outcomes only headache (p=0.005); fatigue (p=0.04); urination problem (p=<0.0001), and nervousness (p=0.004) were significantly associated with the work duration. Furthermore, except for hypertension and tarry stool, all health outcomes among workers differ significantly before and after joining in PGMFs. Conclusion: This study first time identified important health outcomes of the PGMFs workers and generated baseline information on common health outcomes of the PGMFs workers in developing countries like Bangladesh. However, it might be important to identify potential causes of such health outcomes in PGMFs workers considering both biomarkers of exposures and real-time environmental samples to understand the disease pathology and to recommend mitigation measures to be taken by occupational health policymakers and practitioners in developing countries.

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