Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Aromatic Hyperbranched Polyester of Third-Generation-Based Electrospun Nanofiber as a Self-Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Wearable Energy Harvesting and Health Monitoring Applications

Abstract

Flexible pressure sensors have played an increasingly important role in the Internet of Things and human–machine interaction systems. For a sensor device to be commercially viable, it is essential to fabricate a sensor with higher sensitivity and lower power consumption. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) prepared by electrospinning are widely used in self-powered electronics owing to their exceptional voltage generation performance and flexible nature. In the present study, aromatic hyperbranched polyester of the third generation (Ar.HBP-3) was added into PVDF as a filler (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.% w.r.t. PVDF content) to prepare nanofibers by electrospinning. The triboelectric performances (open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current) of PVDF-Ar.HBP-3/polyurethane (PU)-based TENG shows better performance than a PVDF/PU pair. Among the various wt.% of Ar.HBP-3, a 10 wt.% sample shows maximum output performances of 107 V which is almost 10 times that of neat PVDF (12 V); whereas, the current slightly increases from 0.5 μA to 1.3 μA. The self-powered TENG is also effective in measuring human motion. Overall, we have reported a simpler technique for producing high-performance TENG using morphological alteration of PVDF, which has the potential for use as mechanical energy harvesters and as effective power sources for wearable and portable electronic devices.

Electrospun PVDF/aromatic HBP of 4th gen based flexible and self-powered TENG for wearable energy harvesting and health monitoring

“…The electrospun pristine PVDF show two crystalline peaks at 2θ = 18.3° and 19.8°, which are related to the (110) and (020) α -phase crystalline lattice planes, respectively. Similarly, P-Ar.HBP-G4 main peak is observed at 2θ = 20.6°, which corresponds to the (102) crystalline plane for electroactive β -phase 14 , 48 .

Figure 3 Electrospun P-Ar.HBP-G4 (0–40 wt.-%) blended NFs: ( a ).

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“…FE-SEM analysis revealed that adding Ar.HBP-4 can significantly enhance the output performance of the film when compared to pristine PVDF. This is due to the fact that amount of fluorine element on the surface was decreasing continuously which is replaced by hydrogen and oxygen elements from the addition of Ar.HBP-G4 in PVDF 4 , 48 .…”

“…Our research group is mainly focused on studying the piezo and triboelectric characteristics of electrospun PVDF blended with varying additives 4 , 17 , 48 – 50 . In our earlier study using aromatic hyperbranched polyester of 3rd generation (Ar.HBP-G3) as the blend component (0–40 wt.-%) in PVDF 48 , the PVDF-Ar.HBP-G3-10 (herein mentioned as P-Ar.HBP-G3-10) based TENG device exhibited peak-to-peak voltage ( V p−p ) output of 107 V which is almost ten times higher than that achieved for neat PVDF (12 V). In the present study, P-Ar.HBP-G4 (0–40 wt.-%) blend NFs were prepared by electrospinning and analyzed using spectral and microscopic techniques to confirm their structural and morphological characteristics.…”

Nickel-Oxide-Doped Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanofiber-Based Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Healthcare Monitoring Applications

“…17, 18 The high internal impedance and low power density of TENGs are the two main drawbacks that constrain their practical application and higher output efficiencies. 19,20 As a result, across the globe, research communities are striving to establish high-performance TENGs. The choice of materials for TEL used inside the TENG relies on a triboelectric series.…”

“…For poly­(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based TENGs, the vertical CS working mode is suitable choice due to its ease of fabrication. In this method, with tiny air gaps, the TP and TN material layers are vertically stacked in the middle of two electrodes, and the external load causes repeated contact and detachment between the triboelectric layer (TEL) to convert mechanical energy (ME) into electricity. , The high internal impedance and low power density of TENGs are the two main drawbacks that constrain their practical application and higher output efficiencies. , As a result, across the globe, research communities are striving to establish high-performance TENGs. The choice of materials for TEL used inside the TENG relies on a triboelectric series.…”