Polyvinylpyridine Emulsifiers for Polymerization in Acidic Media

Pritchard, James E.; Opheim, Milton H.; Moyer, Patricia H.

doi:10.1021/ie50544a057

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The use of P4VP homopolymer as an emulsifier for the polymerization of STY and of AN in acidic media has already been demonstrated in industry . In the absence of emulsifier, little (if any) polymer was obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of P4VP homopolymer as an emulsifier for the polymerization of STY and of AN in acidic media has already been demonstrated in industry. 18 In the absence of emulsifier, little (if any) polymer was obtained. However, additions of about 2.0-5.0 wt % P4VP (relative to monomer) were required as emulsifier to obtain a well-processable and flowing polymer dispersion of a reasonable stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SAN-b-P4VP Block Copolymer Synthesis by Chain Extension from RAFT-Functional Poly(4-vinylpyridine) in Solution and in Emulsion

et al. 2007

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Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-mediated polymerization was successfully applied for the synthesis of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) polymers of predetermined molar mass and of low polydispersity index. These RAFT end-functionalized polymers were then used as macro-RAFT agents and further chain extended with an azeotropic mixture of styrene (STY) and acrylonitrile (AN) (63 mol % STY). Initially, these chain extension experiments were carried out in solution. In that case, the formation of the P4VP-b-SAN block copolymers clearly demonstrated the large fraction of chain end functionality in these RAFT-functional P4VP polymers. Proof of the formation of low molar mass P4VP-b-SAN block copolymer was obtained by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis. Gradient polymer elution chromatographic (GPEC) analysis confirmed successful formation of P4VP-b-SAN block copolymers. Block copolymer synthesis in emulsion was also investigated. The polymerization mediated by a RAFT-functional P4VP, macro-RAFT agent, was carried out as a semicontinuous process. The complete transformation of the P4VP starting block into P4VP-b-SAN block copolymer points to an efficient control of the polymerization in emulsion. This procedure leads to the formation of a colloidally stable latex. The results of GPEC analysis confirmed the successful block copolymer latex formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SAN-b-P4VP Block Copolymer Synthesis by Chain Extension from RAFT-Functional Poly(4-vinylpyridine) in Solution and in Emulsion

et al. 2007

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Properties of homopolymers of 2‐methyl‐5‐vinylpyridine

Gechele

Convalle

1961

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The physical and technological properties of the homopolymers of 2‐methyl‐5‐vinylpyridine (MVP) are reported. PMVP is rather similar in many mechanical and electrical properties to polystyrene. In addition, the pyridine nucleus imparts to the polymer a strong tendency to absorb water and great ease of quaternization with acids, halides, etc. This suggests applications of PMVP as a polyelectrolyte, a viscosity‐improving agent in aqueous acidic media, etc. However, the water absorption characteristic leads to poor outdoor durability and rapid deterioration of many properties after prolonged exposure to humidity.

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Poly‐2‐ and poly‐4‐vinylpiperidine

1957

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INTRODUCTIONSeveral types of synthetic linear polybases have beeu synthesized and studied during the last two decades. Notable are the basic polypeptides,' the polyethyleneimines, polyvinylamine, the polyvinylpyridine and polyvinylpyridinium derivative^,^ and some basic esters of polyacids.6 The basic polyelectrolytes proved to be useful models for the physicochemical characterization of positive biocolloids6 and recently interest has developed in their use for selective fractionation of negative macromo1ecu1es.' However, the field of polybase applications is still restricted, mainly because of the limited number of substances available and the narrow range of their basicities.This work deals with a new member of the group of polymeric basesthe polyvinylpiperidines. The monomeric a-viiiylpiperidine was first prepared by Ladenburg* in 1889 and monomeric p-vinylpiperidine was synthesized almost thirty years ago.9 The yields reported are, however, rather poor. Our attempts to polymerize a-vinylpiperidine by either free radical or ionic catalysts did not lead to high polymers. A dif€erent approach to the synthesis of polyvinylpiperidine was therefore chosen. As I: My-2-viny lpyridinePoly-2-vin y lpiperidine Pol y-4-viny lp yridinePoly-a-vinylpiperidine * In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph. D. degree of the Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

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Polyvinylpyridine Emulsifiers for Polymerization in Acidic Media

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

SAN-b-P4VP Block Copolymer Synthesis by Chain Extension from RAFT-Functional Poly(4-vinylpyridine) in Solution and in Emulsion

SAN-b-P4VP Block Copolymer Synthesis by Chain Extension from RAFT-Functional Poly(4-vinylpyridine) in Solution and in Emulsion

Properties of homopolymers of 2‐methyl‐5‐vinylpyridine

Poly‐2‐ and poly‐4‐vinylpiperidine

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