Polyzwitterionic aqueous solutions – a new class of electrorheological fluids

Abstract

It has been established that the electroviscosity effect of polyzwitterionic (PZI) aqueous solutions is more considerable than and acts in a direction opposite to that of aqueous polyelectrolyte solutions. Temperature and electric field strength influence the electroviscosity of PZI aqueous solutions in parallel, though the reasons for these effects are quite different. The unusual electroviscosity behaviour of PZI solutions is explained by a 'core-shell' model for the structural organization of PZI macromolecules, suggesting that cluster formation is due to intensive dipoledipole interactions between monomer units of the same or of different macromolecules.

Poly(dimethylaminoethylmethacryloylpropanesulfonate)‐suitable polymer additive for pulsed electrodeposition of nanocrystalline nickel

“…In the electric field, the dipole orientation changes along the field direction, the physical nodes are destroyed and the macromolecules swell. This swelling was used in our previous work 21 for the explanation of the electroviscosity results obtained. The viscosity of the 0.2 wt % PDMAEMPS aqueous solution increases by a factor of 14.7 under the electrical field with intensity of 6 kV/cm.…”

“…PDMAEMPS was synthesized by a method described earlier. 21 After its purification by the precipitation (acetone)-solvation (water) procedure and drying at 558C under vacuum, its molecular weight was determined (M w ¼ 76,000) by the laser-scattering method (Malvern Systems 4700-E). Figure 2 compares the X-ray diffractograms of n-Ni produced with PEG 20000 (curve 1) and PDMAEMPS (curve 2) as additives.…”