Pomegranate seed oil nanoemulsions with selective antiglioma activity: optimization and evaluation of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative effects on mononuclear cells

Abstract

(2016) Pomegranate seed oil nanoemulsions with selective antiglioma activity: optimization and evaluation of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative effects on mononuclear cells, Pharmaceutical Biology, 54:12, 2968-2977, DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016 Context: Glioma is a malignant brain tumor with rapid proliferation, infiltrative growth, poor prognosis and it is chemoresistent. Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties. This study showed the optimization of PSO nanoemulsions (NEs) as an alternative for glioma treatment.Objective: The study aimed to evaluate PSO NEs cytotoxicity on human blood cells and antiglioma effects against C6 cells. Materials and methods: NEs were prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method, using PSO at 1.5 and 3.0%, and were evaluated regarding their physical stability and antioxidant activity. Toxicity evaluations in human blood cells were performed in terms of cell viability, genotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, catalase activity and hemolysis at 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL PSO, after a 72-h incubation period. In vitro antitumor effect was determined against glioma cells after 24 and 48 h, and astrocytes were used as a non-transformed cell model. Results: Formulations presented droplet size below 250 nm, low polydispersity index, negative zeta potential and pH in the acid range. NEs and PSO had scavenging capacity around 30% and promoted a proliferative effect in mononuclear cells, increasing about 50% cell viability. No genotoxic and oxidative damage was observed in lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and catalase activity evaluations for NEs. Hemolysis study showed a hemolytic effect at high concentrations. Moreover, formulations reduced only tumor cell viability to 47%, approximately. Discussion and conclusion: Formulations are adequate and safe for intravenous administration. Besides, in vitro antitumor activity indicates that NEs are promising for glioma treatment.ARTICLE HISTORY

Synthesis, characterization, and their some chemical and biological properties of PVA/PAA/nPS hydrogel nanocomposites: Hydrogel and wound dressing

“…41 On the other hand, Al-Sabahi et al 42 studied the effect of pomegranate oil on 3-nitropropionic acid induced cytotoxicity in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) neuronal cells by MTT test and found that pomegranate oil protected the cells by reducing overproduction of oxidants caused by 3-nitropropionic acid. In another study, Ferreira et al 43 studied PS oil nanoemulsions' toxicity on human blood cells by cell viability, genotoxicity, and oxidative damage tests and they searched for the antitumor effects against glioma cells. The researchers found proliferative effects in mononuclear cells, no genotoxic and oxidative damage in blood cells, and decreased tumor cell viabilities.…”

“…The researchers found proliferative effects in mononuclear cells, no genotoxic and oxidative damage in blood cells, and decreased tumor cell viabilities. 43 Li et al 44 studied the in vitro cytotoxicity of different pomegranate fruit parts against cancer cells by MTT assay and found that peels and flesh extract of sour Yunnan Red-peel pomegranate significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and HeLa cancer cell lines. However, researchers reported that seeds of the pomegranates could not inhibit the cancer cell proliferation.…”

Nanoencapsulation Improves Scavenging Capacity and Decreases Cytotoxicity of Silibinin and Pomegranate Oil Association

“…The colloidal suspensions were diluted in water and SB and PO in ethanol. The radical scavenging capacity was based on the method described by Serpen and co-workers with minor modifications (13,27). The samples were incubated with 1.5 mL DPPH reagent at room temperature.…”

“…With respect to cancer, PO has preventive and antiproliferative activities (11,12). Nanoemulsion and lipid nanoparticles have been developed to improve neuroprotective effect, antioxidant capacity, photoprotection and antiglioma activity (13)(14)(15). The association between oil and active molecule-loaded nanostructured systems has improved the effectiveness of both by a synergistic effect (16,17).…”

Evaluation of Antifungal Activity by Mixed Oxide Metallic Nanocomposite against Candida spp.

“…The results of cell viability were expressed in (%) and compared to the control. The extracted mononuclear cells were exposed in triplicate to ZrO 2 , Ag 2 O, and Z-A samples [19,20].…”