Poole–Frenkel conduction in polyvinyl chloride stabilized with dibutylin laurate–maleate

Mahrous, Salah; Hanfy, Taha

doi:10.1016/j.cap.2004.02.003

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This means that the conductivity of BPACC sample in region I depends mainly on the type of free carriers present in the sample. These carriers can be obtained by breaking weakly bonded ions inside the skeleton of BPACC sample or the electrons injected from the electrodes [11,20,23]. This agrees with what we assumed earlier, at 300 and 330 K, the conduction mechanism depends on the free carriers within the BPACC sample.…”

Section: Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In addition, the thermal energy will increase the lateral movements of methyl, O-CH 3 and phenyl groups. So, the increase of the chaotic motion and the steric volume phenyl groups lead to decrease the value of the dc current [6,11]. clear that, the dc current decreases with the increase of the temperature.…”

Section: Transient Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of impurities, dislocation, cracks, etc within the BPACC sample may give rise to these energy levels. These levels act as electron trapping and operative for all pure and impure polymers [11]. Moreover, the impurities as well as the polar groups of the BPACC structure will affect the bulk current.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The form of (I-V) characteristics depends on the type of distribution of traps [8,9]. The magnitude of the current flow is reduced due to trapping effect [7,10,11]. The appearance of SCLC regime is inhibited until a sufficiently large field is applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient and Steady State Currents of Bisphenol A Corncobs Sample

Hanafy¹

2011

AMPC

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Transient current (I-t), current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, and dc conductivity ln(σ) for bisphenol A corncobs (BPACC) sample were investigated. At higher temperatures, I-V characteristics reveal that the dc current for the sample undergoes two regions one due to ohmic conduction and the other has been attributed to Space charge limited current (SCLC). The activation energy (E a ), the electron mobility (μ o ), effective electron mobility (μ e ), the concentration of the charge's concentrations in conduction band, trapping factor (θ) and the trap concentration (N t ) were calculated. At lower temperatures, the dc current exhibits a peculiar behavior for I-t regime and I-V characteristics. Transient current of BPACC sample exhibits approximately constant value at constant electric field and it has saturation value for I-V characteristics. The attained results suggest strongly the applicability of this material in the electrical applications.

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Section: Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Transient Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient and Steady State Currents of Bisphenol A Corncobs Sample

Hanafy¹

2011

AMPC

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“…4 The dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) gives evidence about the orientation and translation adjustment of the mobile charges presented in the dielectric medium. [5][6][7][8][9] The energy transferred to the dielectric material is not only a function of the applied electric field but also depends on the physical properties of material. 8,9 The contributions of dielectric polarization components such as electronic, ionic and orientational polarization are responsible for the variation of the dielectric constant values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AC Conductivity and Dielectric Relaxation Behavior of Sb2S3 Bulk Material

El-Rahman

Darwish

Hanafy

2016

Journal of Elec Materi

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The Sb 2 S 3 bulk material was used for next-generation anode for lithium-ion batteries. Alternative current (AC) conductivity, dielectric properties and electric modulus of Sb 2 S 3 have been investigated. The measurements were carried out in the frequency range from 40 Hz to 5 MHz and temperature range from 293 K to 453 K. The direct current (DC) conductivity, r DC , shows an activated behavior and the calculated activation energy is 0.50 eV. The AC conductivity, r AC , was found to increase with the increase of temperature and frequency. The conduction mechanism of r AC was controlled by the correlated barrier hopping model. The behavior of the dielectric constant, e¢, and dielectric loss index, e¢¢, reveal that the polarization process of Sb 2 S 3 is dipolar in nature. The behavior of both e¢ and e¢¢ reveals that bulk Sb 2 S 3 has no ferroelectric or piezoelectric phase transition. The dielectric modulus, M, gives a simple method for evaluating the activation energy of the dielectric relaxation. The calculated activation energy from M is 0.045 eV.

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Dielectric relaxation and Poole–Frenkel conduction in poly(vinyl chloride) blends with bisphenol A/Egyptian corncob resin

Ahmed

Hanafy

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The dielectric constant (e 0 ), dielectric loss index (e 00 ), direct-current conductivity, and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of pure poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and blends of PVC and bisphenol A/Egyptian corncobs (BCC) were investigated at different temperatures. The relaxation processes for PVC and its blends revealed that PVC and BCC had an incompatible phase. PVC blends with 5 wt % BCC exhibited a peculiar I-V behavior. Both e 0 and e 00 were used to study miscibility and phase behavior in blends of PVC. The activation energies of all PVC samples were calculated. At higher voltages, the conduction mechanism could be identified as the Poole-Frenkel type. In addition, the ionic groups of BCC could enhance the PVC conductivity.

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Poole–Frenkel conduction in polyvinyl chloride stabilized with dibutylin laurate–maleate

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Transient and Steady State Currents of Bisphenol A Corncobs Sample

Transient and Steady State Currents of Bisphenol A Corncobs Sample

AC Conductivity and Dielectric Relaxation Behavior of Sb2S3 Bulk Material

Dielectric relaxation and Poole–Frenkel conduction in poly(vinyl chloride) blends with bisphenol A/Egyptian corncob resin

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