Poor performance on the Iowa gambling task in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Kodaira, Masaki; Iwadare, Yoshitaka; Ushijima, Hirokage; Oiji, Arata; Kato, Masaaki; Sugiyama, Nobuhiro; Sasayama, Daimei; Usami, Masahide; Watanabe, Kyota; Sakamoto, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1186/1744-859x-11-25

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The behavioral deficits that occurred in the SOC group are also supported by some IGT studies in OCD patients [42], [43]. The reinforcement learning theory states that the FRN indexes an evaluative signal that depends on outcome valence and outcome expectancy whereby larger FRN precede behavioral adjustments [76].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

External Error Monitoring in Subclinical Obsessive-Compulsive Subjects: Electrophysiological Evidence from a Gambling Task

Zhu

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundFeedback-related negativity (FRN) is believed to be an important electrophysiology index of “external” negative feedback processing. Previous studies on FRN in obsessive-compulsive (OC) individuals are scarce and controversial. In these studies, anxiety symptoms were not evaluated in detail. However, OC disorders have a number of radical differences from anxiety disorders. It is necessary to study FRN and its neuroanatomical correlates in OC individuals without anxious symptoms.MethodsA total of 628 undergraduate students completed an OC questionnaire. We chose 14 students who scored in the upper 10% and 14 students who scored in the lowest 10% without anxiety symptoms as a subclinical OC group (SOC) and a low obsessive-compulsive group (LOC). The students all performed the revised Iowa Gambling Task. We used the event-related potentials (ERP) and standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) to track external negative feedback processing and its substrate in the brain.ResultsOur study revealed poorer decision-making ability and greater FRN amplitudes in SOC subjects compared with LOC controls. The SOC subjects displayed anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) hyperactivation during the loss feedback condition. Specifically, we found an intercorrelation of current source density during the loss condition between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and aPFC in the LOC subjects but not in the SOC group.ConclusionsOur results support the notion that overactive external feedback error processing may reflect a candidate endophenotype of OC. We also provide important information on the dysfunction in the interaction between aPFC and dACC in populations with OC. Nevertheless, the findings support that OC may be distinguished from other anxiety disorders using a new electrophysiology perspective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

External Error Monitoring in Subclinical Obsessive-Compulsive Subjects: Electrophysiological Evidence from a Gambling Task

Zhu

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Decision making impairment is a diagnostic feature of symptomatic patients with OCD, as shown by our patients in the acute phases of OCD. Similarly, children with OCD in symptomatic phase perform poorly on the IGT 47 . The remitted patients with OCD in our study also exhibit difficulties in decision making measured by the IGT, which is in accordance with previous studies of decision making deficits assessed with this method 6 14 15 39 48 , and with the Cambridge Gamble Task 9 in symptomatic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait-related decision making impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence from decision making under ambiguity but not decision making under risk

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to investigate whether deficits in decision making were potential endophenotype markers for OCD considering different phases of the disease. Fifty-seven non-medicated OCD patients (nmOCD), 77 medicated OCD patients (mOCD), 48 remitted patients with OCD (rOCD) and 115 healthy controls were assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), which measured decision making under ambiguity, and the Game of Dice Task (GDT), which measured decision making under risk. While the three patients groups showed impaired performance on the IGT compared with healthy controls, all patients showed intact performance on the GDT. Furthermore, the rOCD patients showed a preference for deck B, indicating that they showed more sensitivity to the frequency of loss than to the magnitude of loss, whereas the mOCD patients showed a preference for deck A, indicating that they had more sensitivity to the magnitude of loss than to the frequency of loss. These data suggested that OCD patients had trait-related impairments in decision making under ambiguity but not under risk, and that dissociation of decision making under ambiguity and under risk is an appropriate potential neurocognitive endophenotype for OCD. The subtle but meaningful differences in decision making performance between the OCD groups require further study.

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“…However, a recent study based on large groups indicates that impaired decision-making might be a key feature in OCD (da Rocha et al 2011) and already present in childhood (Kodaira et al 2012). More consistent deficits have been found in reversal learning and response cost paradigms: patients with OCD persist in their response strategy in spite of changed reward contingencies (Chamberlain et al 2008; Remijnse et al 2006), or with the risk of smaller gains (Chamberlain et al 2007).…”

Section: Neuropsychological Aspects In Ocd and Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neurobiological link between OCD and ADHD

Brem

Grünblatt

Drechsler

et al. 2014

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

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Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two of the most common neuropsychiatric diseases in paediatric populations. The high comorbidity of ADHD and OCD with each other, especially of ADHD in paediatric OCD, is well described. OCD and ADHD often follow a chronic course with persistent rates of at least 40–50 %. Family studies showed high heritability in ADHD and OCD, and some genetic findings showed similar variants for both disorders of the same pathogenetic mechanisms, whereas other genetic findings may differentiate between ADHD and OCD. Neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies suggest that partly similar executive functions are affected in both disorders. The deficits in the corresponding brain networks may be responsible for the perseverative, compulsive symptoms in OCD but also for the disinhibited and impulsive symptoms characterizing ADHD. This article reviews the current literature of neuroimaging, neurochemical circuitry, neuropsychological and genetic findings considering similarities as well as differences between OCD and ADHD.

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Poor performance on the Iowa gambling task in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

External Error Monitoring in Subclinical Obsessive-Compulsive Subjects: Electrophysiological Evidence from a Gambling Task

External Error Monitoring in Subclinical Obsessive-Compulsive Subjects: Electrophysiological Evidence from a Gambling Task

Trait-related decision making impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence from decision making under ambiguity but not decision making under risk

The neurobiological link between OCD and ADHD

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