Populasi Mangrove Rhizophora stylosa Griff. di Desa Kuala Langsa Kota Langsa: Distribusi Geografi, Struktur Demografi, Morfometrik Organ dan Karakteristik Penciri Morfometriknya

Abstract

Kajian terhadap populasi mangrove Rhizophora stylosa di Desa Kuala Langsa Kota Langsa dilakukan pada bulan November 2021 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi geografi, struktur demografi, morfometrik organ dan karakteristik penciri morfometriknya. Data dikumpulkan dengan menarik transek kuadran berukuran 10 x 10 m yang tegak lurus garis pantai, dimana penentuan stasiun pengamatannnya berdasarkan purposive sampling. Organ daun, buah dan bunga diambil pada 5 tegakan pohon di masing-masing plot, kemudian diukur morfometriknya. Untuk struktur demografi, pengelompokkan umurnya dianalisis menurut metode Bhattacharya dan untuk penciri morfometriknya dianalisis berdasarkan statistik Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Hasil kajian memperlihatkan bahwa distribusi geografinya tergolong berlimpah (frekuensi relatif di atas 80%) dan pengelompokkan umurnya hanya terdiri dari satu kelompak dengan kisaran nilai tengah diameter batangnya antara 2,30–12,44 cm. Morfometrik diameter buah yang dominan ditemukan adalah 1,05–1,11 cm, panjang buah 26,46–27,77 cm, lebar kelopak bunga 0,38–0,41 cm, panjang kelopak bunga 0,98–1,04 cm, lebar daun 5,50–5,77 cm, panjang daun 11,60–12,11 cm dan diameter batang 5,41–7,00 cm. Selain itu, panjang buah, panjang kelopak bunga dan diameter batang merupakan morfometrik pencirinya dengan keragaman data 82,73%. In November 2021, a study was conducted on the Rhizophora stylosa mangrove population in Kuala Langsa Village, Langsa City, with the objective of determining the population's geographical distribution, demographic structure, morphometric organs, and morphometric characteristics. The data were collected by pulling a 10 x 10 m quadrant transect parallel to the shoreline, with the observation station determined through purposive sampling. Leaf, fruit, and flower organs were collected from five tree stands in each plot and then measured morphometrically. Battachraya method was used for the demograpic structure and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to determine the morphological characteristics. The study's findings revealed a widespread geographic distribution (relative frequency greater than 80%) and a single age grouping with median stem diameters ranging from 2.30-12.44 cm. The dominant fruit diameter morphometrics were 1.05–1.11 cm, fruit length 26.46–27.77 cm, petal width 0.38–0.41 cm, petal length 0.98–1.04 cm, leaf width 5.50–5.77 cm, leaf length 11.60–12.11 cm, and diameter stem 5.41–7.00 cm. Furthermore, fruit length, flower petal length, and stem diameter are all morphometric characteristics with an 82.73% data diversity.