Population and rural‐urban environmental interactions in developing countries

Abstract

The link between population proliferation and environmental degradation continues to be a critical issue in many developing countries. Such a link has dented the development process and produced unpleasant marks on the socio‐economic fabric of the society. These marks are quite distinct to rural and urban regions. Any efforts to rectify the situation first require regional‐wise identification of the problems and the causal socio‐economic factors. Based on this information a sustainable development approach can be formulated, with environmental concerns such as protection of natural resources from depletion and degradation and ensuring an adequate resources base to secure a decent standard of living. Further, implementation of this kind of integrated strategy needs commitment from institutions ranging from local to international level.

Sustainability marketing in the emerging markets: imperatives, challenges, and agenda setting

“…Also consumers by their consumption pattern and purchase behaviour reinforce environmental degradation of firms by not "punishing" environment unfriendly firms and "rewarding" environment -friendly firms (Carrigan and Attalla, 2001). Also, extant literature is replete with evidence to suggest that depletion of natural resources and pollution of the physical environment are the primary consequence of increased consumption (Jegasothy, 1999). Despite all these misgiving concerning marketing role in fostering unsustainability, there are increasing suppositions that consumers and the marketing system could play vital role in promoting sustainability.…”

Migration and child immunization in Nigeria: individual- and community-level contexts

“…Migration has been implicated as one of the behavioural processes influencing low immunization uptake [ 13 ]. Population migration is a choice process that is influenced by socio-economic, demographic and cultural factors [ 14 ]. Socio-economic factors, such as the expectation of better earnings and employment opportunities, access to modern amenities, seem to a greater extent instrumental in the motives of the rural residents to migrate into cities [ 14 ].…”

“…Population migration is a choice process that is influenced by socio-economic, demographic and cultural factors [ 14 ]. Socio-economic factors, such as the expectation of better earnings and employment opportunities, access to modern amenities, seem to a greater extent instrumental in the motives of the rural residents to migrate into cities [ 14 ]. Several studies have documented health differentials by rural-urban place of residence in developing countries [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Development of environmental consequence index (ECI) using fuzzy composite programming

“…The ever increased world population coupled with their growing societal demands has been triggering rapid expansion of industrialization, resource extraction, and intensive production [1]. Unfortunately, such swift industrialization and urbanization have been accompanied by large negative environmental effects, resulting in damage to the ecosystem.…”