Population Balance Model for Batch Gravity Separation of Crude Oil and Water Emulsions. Part I: Model Formulation

Grimes, Brian A.

doi:10.1080/01932691.2011.574946

Cited by 58 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…metal extraction), as they do not take Marangoni convection into account. One approach to overcome these drawbacks is the application of PBE (for details, see Section 4.2) for modeling phase separation as proposed by Grimes (2012).…”

Section: Separation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For an overview of available submodels, there are extensive reviews published concerning drop breakage (Lasheras et al 2002, Liao and Lucas 2009, Kopriwa et al 2012, Sajjadi et al 2013, Solsvik et al 2013 and drop coalescence (Liao and Lucas 2010, Kopriwa et al 2012, Sajjadi et al 2013, Solsvik and Jakobsen 2014. Particular PBE approaches for gravity settlers were developed by Ruiz and Padilla (1996) and Grimes (2012).…”

Section: P P P D D Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Drop coalescence in technical liquid/liquid applications: a review on experimental techniques and modeling approaches

Kamp

Villwock

Kraume

2016

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

125

106

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AbstractThe coalescence phenomenon of drops in liquid/liquid systems is reviewed with particular focus on its technical relevance and application. Due to the complexity of coalescence, a comprehensive survey of the coalescence process and the numerous influencing factors is given. Subsequently, available experimental techniques with different levels of detail are summarized and compared. These techniques can be divided in simple settling tests for qualitative coalescence behavior investigations and gravity settler design, single-drop coalescence studies at flat interfaces as well as between droplets, and detailed film drainage analysis. To model the coalescence rate in liquid/liquid systems on a technical scale, the generic population balance framework is introduced. Additionally, different coalescence modeling approaches are reviewed with ascending level of detail from empirical correlations to comprehensive film drainage models and detailed computational fluid and particle dynamics.

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Section: Separation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: P P P D D Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drop coalescence in technical liquid/liquid applications: a review on experimental techniques and modeling approaches

Kamp

Villwock

Kraume

2016

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

125

106

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“…In this table, for each WC analyzed, the initial (0 min) and final (120 min) values of d 4,3 are significantly different, indicating a reduction in this property at the top with time, as a consequence of the sedimentation of bigger droplets from the top to the bottom of the vessel. According to Grimes (2012), the interface positions of the W/O emulsion can be depicted using an axial spatial coordinate, z, which is taken to be zero at the top of the separator and extends in a positive direction to the bottom of the separator. In this case, the direction of the gravitational force is along the positive z-direction.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperature and Water Content On The Settling Velomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water Content, Temperature and Average Droplet Size on the Settling Velocity of Water-in-Oil Emulsions

Souza

Santos

Cruz

et al. 2015

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-Water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions are complex mixtures generally found in crude oil production in reservoirs and processing equipment. Sedimentation studies of water-oil emulsions enable the analysis of the fluid dynamic behavior concerning separation of this system composed of two immiscible liquids. Gravitational settling was evaluated in this article for a model emulsion system consisting of water and a Brazilian crude oil diluted in a clear mineral oil as organic phase. The effects of water content and temperature were considered in the study of sedimentation velocity of water-oil emulsions. Water contents between 10% and 50 % and temperatures of 25, 40 and 60 °C were evaluated, and a Richardson-Zaki type correlation was obtained to calculate settling velocities as a function of the process variables investigated. Water contents and average droplet sizes were monitored at different levels in the settling equipment, thus enabling identification of the effect of these variables on the phenomena of sedimentation and coalescence of the emulsions studied. The results showed that the emulsion stability during sedimentation was governed by the emulsion water content, which yielded high settling velocities at low water contents, even when very small droplets were present. A quantitative analysis of the combined effects of drop size and droplet concentration supports the conclusion that a stronger effect is produced by the higher concentration of particles, compared with the relatively smaller effect of increasing the size of the droplets.

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“…[12] There are various sedimentation and coalescence models available for the design of these settlers. [13][14][15] The residence times required for the separation of emulsions employing gravity alone can be very high for the more stable systems; hence, methods to enhance separation are often used in association with the settlers. There are several ways to promote emulsion breaking and considerable research goes on in the development of novel ways for more effective and economical separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Premixed Asphaltenes and Demulsifier on Oil-Water Interfacial Properties

Zarkar

Couzis

Banerjee

2015

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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During crude oil recovery, asphaltene-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions are formed. Asphaltenes is the component of crude oil, which is insoluble in n-alkane and is considered to be largely responsible for the stability of water-in-crude oil emulsions. To avoid wide range of problems, water has to be removed from these emulsions by using chemical 'demulsifiers'. How demulsifiers act is still poorly understood. As the real crude oil system is extremely complex, system consisting of model oil with 100 ppm asphaltenes concentration is used as this concentration corresponds to nanoaggregation in the bulk fluid as shown in previous work. The surface pressure values appear to be a result of both asphaltenes and demulsifier competing to adsorb at the interface. The fractional interfacial coverage achieved by each appears to depend on their respective bulk concentrations. Thus demulsifier-asphaltene systems exhibit an equilibrium surface pressure, reached at higher demulsifier concentrations possibly due to adsorption balancing desorption in the demulsifier rich regions, the presence of which block the 'almost insoluble' asphaltenes from further coverage of interface. The behavior of the surface pressure on expansion and contraction of droplets using pendant drop to emulate a Langmuir trough supports the notion of concentration-dependent fractional coverage by each species.

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Population Balance Model for Batch Gravity Separation of Crude Oil and Water Emulsions. Part I: Model Formulation

Cited by 58 publications

References 25 publications

Drop coalescence in technical liquid/liquid applications: a review on experimental techniques and modeling approaches

Drop coalescence in technical liquid/liquid applications: a review on experimental techniques and modeling approaches

Effect of Water Content, Temperature and Average Droplet Size on the Settling Velocity of Water-in-Oil Emulsions

Effect of Premixed Asphaltenes and Demulsifier on Oil-Water Interfacial Properties

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