Population balance modelling to describe the particle aggregation process: A review

Jeldres, Ricardo I.; Fawell, Phillip D.; Florio, Brendan J.

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2017.12.033

Cited by 106 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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Section: An Overview Of Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More discussion on this topic is beyond the scope of this review. Interested readers are encouraged to read a recent review on the population balance modeling for flocculation by Jeldres et al [17] Figure 2 is a typical response obtained by shear-induced polymer flocculation. There are several differences between aggregation induced by salts (coagulation) and flocculation by high Macromol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Soluble Polymer Flocculants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Assessment

Vajihinejad

Gumfekar

Bazoubandi

et al. 2018

Macro Materials & Eng

142

108

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Water soluble polymer flocculants are important constituents of solid–liquid separation units for the treatment of a variety of process‐affected effluents. The systematic development of a flocculant relies on a good understanding of flocculation process, polymer synthesis, polymer characterization, and, not the least, flocculation performance assessment as desired for a particular treatment process, all of which are essential to establish meaningful relationships between flocculant microstructure and flocculation efficiency. The aim of this article is to communicate the bigger picture of this research area to the readers. The recent advances in the application of bio/natural, synthetic, and stimuli‐responsive flocculants are reviewed. Then, the basic polymer reaction engineering tools to control the microstructure of flocculants are provided and the techniques for the quantification of flocculant microstructure are concisely discussed. This is followed by a review of the methods used for the characterization of particle‐polymer force measurement, and flocculation/dewatering assessment with attention to the characterization of aggregate structures.

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Section: An Overview Of Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Soluble Polymer Flocculants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Assessment

Vajihinejad

Gumfekar

Bazoubandi

et al. 2018

Macro Materials & Eng

142

108

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“…In some cases, a maximum aggregate size is reached in a short time after the addition of the flocculant, but then fragmentation of the aggregates and polymer depletion occurs. Interestingly, the systems studied by He et al [19] have shown that the maximum floc size is reached at low shear rate values and that any further increase in the intensity of the mixture leads to fragmentation.Several researchers have described the kinetics of growth and fragmentation of aggregates using population balance models (PBM) [20][21][22] of a wide variety of systems, such as coagulation and flocculation [23], crystallization [24], reduction in mill size [25], and polymerization [26]. A century ago, Smoluchowski [27] was the first to formulate the PBM equations to describe the coalescence growth phenomena.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have described the kinetics of growth and fragmentation of aggregates using population balance models (PBM) [20][21][22] of a wide variety of systems, such as coagulation and flocculation [23], crystallization [24], reduction in mill size [25], and polymerization [26]. A century ago, Smoluchowski [27] was the first to formulate the PBM equations to describe the coalescence growth phenomena.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Describing Mining Tailing Flocculation in Seawater by Population Balance Models: Effect of Mixing Intensity

Quezada¹,

Ayala

Leiva

et al. 2020

Metals

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A population balance model (PBM) is used to describe flocculation of particle tailings in seawater at pH 8 for a range of mixing intensities. The size of the aggregates is represented by the mean chord length, determined by the focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) technique. The PBM follows the dynamics of aggregation and breakage processes underlying flocculation and provides a good approximation to the temporal evolution of aggregate size. The structure of the aggregates during flocculation is described by a constant or time-dependent fractal dimension. The results revealed that the compensations between the aggregation and breakage rates lead to a correct representation of the flocculation kinetics of the tailings of particles in seawater and, in addition, that the representation of the flocculation kinetics in optimal conditions is equally good with a constant or variable fractal dimension. The aggregation and breakage functions and their corresponding parameters are sensitive to the choice of the fractal dimension of the aggregates, whether constant or time dependent, however, under optimal conditions, a constant fractal dimension is sufficient. The model is robust and predictive with a few parameters and can be used to find the optimal flocculation conditions at different mixing intensities, and the optimal flocculation time can be used for a cost-effective evaluation of the quality of the flocculant used.Metals 2020, 10, 240 2 of 15 the operational priorities is to close the water cycle, a process that can be successful with proper management of the thickening stages. Generally, the concentration stages are carried out at alkaline pH, which means that both particles and flocculant molecules (such as hydrolyzed polyacrylamide) carry anionic charges. Although reagents may have a low affinity with the particles, it is sufficient to form porous aggregates with low density, which facilitate the transport of the thick pulp from the bottom of the thickener to the tailing dams. The fact that industrial water has some ionic charge can be beneficial. There is evidence in the literature that the presence of ions in the liquor is necessary for adequate flocculation, because ions allow the adsorption of polymeric molecules on the charged surfaces [1][2][3]. There is also evidence that flocculants may exhibit different behaviors when interacting in saline media. For example, studies have indicated that flocculated kaolinite shows decreasing sedimentation rates in environments with high salinity [4,5], while other studies show the opposite [6]. We recently demonstrated that the increase in salinity promotes the adsorption of polyelectrolytes on mineral surfaces but decreases the size of the polymer in solution, resulting in a competitive effect that can benefit or impair particle agglomeration. Thus, varied behaviors are expected [7,8].There is great interest in studying flocculation from a microscopic level because the mechanisms involved during the aggregation of colloidal particles determine the efficiency of t...

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“…Additional review articles of the topic emerged in the recent years by a number of authors. [3][4][5][6][7] Sarhan et al 8 published a number of recent papers on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling of population balance equation in various applications such as flotation cells and flotation columns. [9][10][11] The authors also studied the effect of particle attachment and detachment 12 and the effect of particle size and concentration on bubble coalescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubble population balance modelling for stationary and rotating columns under zero-gravity environment: Numerical study

Alhendal

Turan

Kalendar

et al. 2019

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Two axisymmetric dimensional Eulerian/Eulerian simulation of two-phase (gas/liquid) transient flow was performed for both stationary and rotating columns under zero gravity. Multiphase flow simulation is modelled using flow algorithm based on the finite-volume method to simulate bubble population balance modelling. Two coalescence kernels, one for laminar flow and the other for laminar shear flow, are experimented under zero gravity using special user defined functions. Effects of rotation speed are investigated at angular velocities of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 rad/s, and effects of air inlet velocity are conducted at 1, 2, 3 and 4 cm/s. The numerical results show that the centrifugal force is pulling the bubbles towards the axis of rotation and shifts them away from the wall. Also, rotation could accelerate the moving bubbles throughout the column under zero-gravity conditions. Increasing the inlet air velocity accelerates the coalescence rate with a decrease in the inlet bubble diameter. Under zero gravity, the bubbles are formed with limited size distribution and may not be represented by an equivalent phase with Sauter mean diameter. Coalescence and break-up phenomena must be considered under normal gravity and coalescence phenomenon only under zero gravity.

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Population balance modelling to describe the particle aggregation process: A review

Cited by 106 publications

References 98 publications

Water Soluble Polymer Flocculants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Assessment

Water Soluble Polymer Flocculants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Assessment

Describing Mining Tailing Flocculation in Seawater by Population Balance Models: Effect of Mixing Intensity

Bubble population balance modelling for stationary and rotating columns under zero-gravity environment: Numerical study

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