Population‐based cancer survival in the United States: Data, quality control, and statistical methods

Allemani, Claudia; Harewood, Rhea; Johnson, Christopher; Carreira, Helena; Spika, Devon; Bonaventure, Audrey; Ward, Kevin C.; Weir, Hannah K.; Coleman, Michel P

doi:10.1002/cncr.31025

Cited by 40 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7,8 We analyzed individual tumor records for adults (men and women, aged 15–99 years) who were diagnosed with a primary, invasive cancer of the lung or bronchus (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition, 9 topography codes: C34.0–C34.3 and C34.8–C34.9) between 2001 and 2009 and were followed until December 31, 2009, regardless of whether the patient had had a previous cancer. If a patient was diagnosed with 2 or more cancers of the lung between 2001 and 2009, then we only considered the first cancer in the survival analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They indicate how much a particular survival estimate deviates from the pooled estimate for all registries combined, given the precision of each estimate. 7,16 The pooled estimate for all US registries combined is shown as the “target” (horizontal line) in the funnel plot. More details on data and methods are provided in the accompanying article by Allemani et al 7 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 The CONCORD-2 study is the largest study to date on lung cancer survival, both in the United States and worldwide. Between 1995 and 2009, 5-year net survival for patients diagnosed with lung cancer was low in most countries (range, 10%–20%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lung cancer survival in the United States by race and stage (2001‐2009): Findings from the CONCORD‐2 study

Richards

Henley

Puckett

et al. 2017

Cancer

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Results from the second CONCORD study (CONCORD-2) indicated that 5-year net survival for lung cancer was low (range, 10%–20%) between 1995 and 2009 in most countries, including the United States, which was at the higher end of this range. METHODS Data from CONCORD-2 were used to analyze net survival among patients with lung cancer (aged 15–99 years) who were diagnosed in 37 states covering 80% of the US population. Survival was corrected for background mortality using state-specific and race-specific life tables and age-standardized using International Cancer Survival Standard weights. Net survival was estimated for patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2003 and between 2004 and 2009 at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis by race (all races, black, and white); Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Summary Stage 2000; and US state. RESULTS Five-year net survival increased from 16.4% (95% confidence interval, 16.3%–16.5%) for patients diagnosed 2001–2003 to 19.0% (18.8%–19.1%) for those diagnosed 2004–2009, with increases in most states and among both blacks and whites. Between 2004 and 2009, 5-year survival was lower among blacks (14.9%) than among whites (19.4%) and ranged by state from 14.5% to 25.2%. CONCLUSIONS Lung cancer survival improved slightly between the periods 2001–2003 and 2004–2009 but was still low, with variation between states, and persistently lower survival among blacks than whites. Efforts to control well established risk factors would be expected to have the greatest impact on reducing the burden of lung cancer, and efforts to ensure that all patients receive timely and appropriate treatment should reduce the differences in survival by race and state.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lung cancer survival in the United States by race and stage (2001‐2009): Findings from the CONCORD‐2 study

Richards

Henley

Puckett

et al. 2017

Cancer

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chinese population accounts for 1/5 of the world, while the incidence and mortality of liver cancer is more than 1/2 of the world. World's Cancer Report of 2014 shows that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become the fifth ranked cancer in men (~554,000 new cases each year) and the ninth cancer in women (~228,000 new cases each year) (2). The high prevalence and mortality rate of HCC (the overall mortality rate is 95%) make it the major health burden in the current society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 plays an important role in glycochenodeoxycholate-induced survival and chemoresistance in HCC

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor and can evolve rapidly to resistance to chemotherapies. Glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDA), which is toxic and hydrophobic, is the main ingredient in the bile and associated with carcinogenesis of gastrointenstinal tumors. Bcl-2 is the most important anti-apoptotic protein and overexpressed in various human tumors. In the present study, we found that GCDA can induce the chemoresistance of human liver cancer cells and specific depletion of Bcl-2 by RNA interference blocks GCDA-stimulated chemoresistance, which indicate the pivotal role of Bcl-2 in such process. Mechanistically, GCDA simultaneously stimulates phosphorylation of Bcl-2 at Ser70 site and activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and inhibition of ERK1/2 by PD98059 (MAPK/ERK1/2 inhibitor) or siRNA (targeting ERK1/2) suppresses GCDA-stimulated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and significantly attenuates the survival and chemoresistance induced by GCDA in liver cancer cells. Thus, GCDA-induced survival and chemoresistance of liver cancer cells may occur through activation of Bcl-2 by phosphorylation at Ser70 site through MAPK/ERK1/2 pathway, which may contribute to the development of human liver cancer and chemoresistance.

show abstract

“…In acute lymphoid leukemia, for example, it is well known that the survival rate for children differs substantially between countries from around 15% to over 90%, suggestive of disparities in treatment. 59 For nasopharynx cancer it is also well known that incidence differs drastically between populations; this can in part be explained by early infection with Epstein-Barr virus as well as by a high intake of salt-preserved food. 60 Melanoma is a much more common in populations with lighter skin types.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 2006 to 2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study.

Fitzmaurice

2018

JCO

1,874

2,114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global Burden of Disease Cancer CollaborationIMPORTANCE Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current estimates on the burden of cancer are needed for cancer control planning. OBJECTIVE To estimate mortality, incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 32 cancers in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015.EVIDENCE REVIEW Cancer mortality was estimated using vital registration system data, cancer registry incidence data (transformed to mortality estimates using separately estimated mortality to incidence [MI] ratios), and verbal autopsy data. Cancer incidence was calculated by dividing mortality estimates through the modeled MI ratios. To calculate cancer prevalence, MI ratios were used to model survival. To calculate YLDs, prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights. The YLLs were estimated by multiplying age-specific cancer deaths by the reference life expectancy. DALYs were estimated as the sum of YLDs and YLLs. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. Countries were categorized by SDI quintiles to summarize results. FINDINGSIn 2015, there were 17.5 million cancer cases worldwide and 8.7 million deaths. Between 2005 and 2015, cancer cases increased by 33%, with population aging contributing 16%, population growth 13%, and changes in age-specific rates contributing 4%. For men, the most common cancer globally was prostate cancer (1.6 million cases). Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs in men (1.2 million deaths and 25.9 million DALYs). For women, the most common cancer was breast cancer (2.4 million cases). Breast cancer was also the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs for women (523 000 deaths and 15.1 million DALYs). Overall, cancer caused 208.3 million DALYs worldwide in 2015 for both sexes combined. Between 2005 and 2015, age-standardized incidence rates for all cancers combined increased in 174 of 195 countries or territories. Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) for all cancers combined decreased within that timeframe in 140 of 195 countries or territories. Countries with an increase in the ASDR due to all cancers were largely located on the African continent. Of all cancers, deaths between 2005 and 2015 decreased significantly for Hodgkin lymphoma (−6.1% [95% uncertainty interval (UI), −10.6% to −1.3%]). The number of deaths also decreased for esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia, although these results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCEAs part of the epidemiological transition, cancer incidence is expected to increase in the future, further straining limited health care resources. Appropriate allocation of resources for cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and curative and palliative care requires detailed knowledge of the local burden of cancer. The GBD 2015 study results demonstrate that progress ...

show abstract

Population‐based cancer survival in the United States: Data, quality control, and statistical methods

Cited by 40 publications

References 30 publications

Lung cancer survival in the United States by race and stage (2001‐2009): Findings from the CONCORD‐2 study

Lung cancer survival in the United States by race and stage (2001‐2009): Findings from the CONCORD‐2 study

Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 plays an important role in glycochenodeoxycholate-induced survival and chemoresistance in HCC

Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 2006 to 2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About