Population-based study suggests an increased risk of Alzheimer’sdisease in Sjögren’s syndrome

Cheang²,

et al. 2020

BMC Ophthalmol

Background: Several previous studies reported a greater prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) among patients with psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of DES in patients with psychiatric disorders (PD) using nationwide population-based data in Taiwan. Methods: This population-based cohort study retrospectively identified patients with PD from 1997 to 2011. Patients with both PD and DES served as the DES cohort, and PD patients without DES comprised the non-DES cohort. PD was defined as a diagnosis of PD (ICD-9-CM 290-319) made by psychiatrists only, with at least three consecutive outpatient visits or at least one inpatient visit. DES was defined as a diagnosis of DES (ICD-9-CM 375.15) and a prescription for an eye lubricant (anatomical therapeutic chemical code, ATC code: S01XA). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of DES in these patients and associated risk factors. Results: A total of 75,650 patients with PD (3665 in the DES cohort and 71,985 in the non-DES cohort) were included in the final analysis. The majority of patients in the DES group were women (72.6%), compared the non-DES group (57.8%). The mean age of patients in the DES cohort was 62.2 ± 14.9, which was significantly older than those in the non-DES group (50.9 ± 17.5). The patients with DES had a significantly greater likelihood of having dementia, bipolar disorder, depression, and neurotic disorders. Conditional regression analyses revealed that patients with dry eye disease were more likely to have schizophrenia (OR = 1.34), bipolar disorder (OR = 1.9), depression (OR = 1.54), and neurotic disorders (OR = 1.62). In addition, patients with DES were more likely to use 1st generation anti-psychotics (OR = 1.28) and had a lower risk of using 2nd generation anti-psychotics (OR = 0.64). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that among PD patients, DES is highly prevalence in certain subtypes of PD, such as depression, bipolar disorder, and neurotic disorders, after adjusting for the comorbidities.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

The association of dry eye syndrome and psychiatric disorders: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Cheang²,

et al. 2020

BMC Ophthalmol

“…Previous studies demonstrated that patients with dementia have a greater risk of developing dry eye and Sjögren's syndrome (* 18,19). However, we found a decreased risk of DES in dementia patients in our multivariate models.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Furthermore, patients with DES had significantly greater risks of schizophrenia (OR = 1.34), bipolar disease (OR = 1.90), depression (OR = 1.54), sleeping disturbance/ insomnia (OR =1. 19), and neurotic disorders (OR = 1.24), including anxiety (OR = 1.34), than those without DES. However, prevalence of DES was significantly lower in patients with dementia (OR = Our study also found that anxiety disorder was correlated with DES, which supports the findings of two previously reported case-control studies (*4,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The association of dry eye syndrome and psychiatric disorders: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Cheang²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background Several previous studies reported a greater prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) among patients with psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of DES in patients with psychiatric disorders (PD) using nationwide population-based data in Taiwan. Methods This population-based cohort study retrospectively identified patients with PD from 1997 to 2011. Patients with both PD and DES served as the DES cohort, and PD patients without DES comprised the non-DES cohort. PD was defined as a diagnosis of PD (ICD-9-CM 290-319) made by psychiatrists only, with at least three consecutive outpatient visits or at least one inpatient visit. DES was defined as a diagnosis of DES (ICD-9-CM 375.15) and a prescription for an eye lubricant (anatomical therapeutic chemical code, ATC code: S01XA). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of DES in these patients and associated risk factors. Results A total of 75,650 patients with PD (3,665 in the DES cohort and 71,985 in the non-DES cohort) were included in the final analysis. The majority of patients in the DES group were women (72.6%), compared the non-DES group (57.8%). The mean age of patients in the DES cohort was 62.2 ± 14.9, which was significantly older than those in the non-DES group (50.9 ± 17.5). The patients with DES had a significantly greater likelihood of having dementia, bipolar disorder, depression, and neurotic disorders. Conditional regression analyses revealed that patients with dry eye disease were more likely to have schizophrenia (OR = 1.34), bipolar disorder (OR = 1.9), depression (OR = 1.54), and neurotic disorders (OR = 1.62). In addition, patients with DES were more likely to use 1st generation anti-psychotics (OR=1.28) and had a lower risk of using 2 nd generation anti-psychotics (OR=0.64) Conclusion The study demonstrated that among PD patients, DES is highly prevalence in certain subtypes of PD, such as depression, bipolar disorder, and neurotic disorders, after adjusting for the comorbidities.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The association of dry eye syndrome and psychiatric disorders: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Cheang²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background Several previous studies reported a greater prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) among patients with psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of DES in patients with psychiatric disorders (PD) using nationwide population-based data in Taiwan. Methods This population-based cohort study retrospectively identified patients with PD from 1997 to 2011. Patients with both PD and DES served as the DES cohort, and PD patients without DES comprised the non-DES cohort. PD was defined as a diagnosis of PD (ICD-9-CM 290-319) made by psychiatrists only, with at least three consecutive outpatient visits or at least one inpatient visit. DES was defined as a diagnosis of DES (ICD-9-CM 375.15) and a prescription for an eye lubricant (anatomical therapeutic chemical code, ATC code: S01XA). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of DES in these patients and associated risk factors. Results A total of 75,650 patients with PD (3,665 in the DES cohort and 71,985 in the non-DES cohort) were included in the final analysis.The majority of patients in the DES group were women (72.6%), compared the non-DES group (57.8%). The mean age of patients in the DES cohort was 62.2 ± 14.9, which was significantly older than those in the non-DES group (50.9 ± 17.5). The patients with DES had a significantly greater likelihood of having dementia, bipolar disorder, depression, and neurotic disorders. Conditional regression analyses revealed that patients with dry eye disease were more likely to have schizophrenia (OR = 1.34), bipolar disorder (OR = 1.9), depression (OR = 1.54), and neurotic disorders (OR = 1.62). In addition, patients with DES were more likely to use 1st generation antipsychotics (OR=1.28) and had a lower risk of using 2nd generation anti-psychotics (OR=0.64) ConclusionThe study demonstrated that among PD patients, DES is highly prevalence in certain subtypes of PD, such as depression, bipolar disorder, and neurotic disorders, after adjusting for the comorbidities.