Population dynamics of <i>Glossina morsitans submorsitans</i> Newstead and <i>G. tachinoides</i> Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) in sub-Sudan savanna in northern Nigeria. I. Sampling methodology for adults and seasonal changes in numbers caught in different vegetation types

Dransfield, R. D.; Brightwell, R.; Onah, Johnson Ogoda; Okolo, C. J.

doi:10.1017/s0007485300010488

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This behavior is shared by other riverine tsetse species [67,68]. Reduced movement during the dry season has been reported for G. tachinoides in northern Nigeria, which, like Gff , belongs to the palpalis group [69]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The population structure of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in the Lake Victoria basin in Uganda: implications for vector control

Hyseni

Kato

Okedi³

et al. 2012

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundGlossina fuscipes fuscipes is the primary vector of trypanosomiasis in humans and livestock in Uganda. The Lake Victoria basin has been targeted for tsetse eradication using a rolling carpet initiative, from west to east, with four operational blocks (3 in Uganda and 1 in Kenya), under a Pan-African Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Eradication Campaign (PATTEC). We screened tsetse flies from the three Ugandan PATTEC blocks for genetic diversity at 15 microsatellite loci from continental and offshore populations to provide empirical data to support this initiative.MethodsWe collected tsetse samples from 11 sites across the Lake Victoria basin in Uganda. We performed genetic analyses on 409 of the collected tsetse flies and added data collected for 278 individuals in a previous study. The flies were screened across 15 microsatellite loci and the resulting data were used to assess the temporal stability of populations, to analyze patterns of genetic exchange and structuring, to estimate dispersal rates and evaluate the sex bias in dispersal, as well as to estimate demographic parameters (NE and NC).ResultsWe found that tsetse populations in this region were stable over 4-16 generations and belong to 4 genetic clusters. Two genetic clusters (1 and 2) corresponded approximately to PATTEC blocks 1 and 2, while the other two (3 and 4) fell within PATTEC block 3. Island populations grouped into the same genetic clusters as neighboring mainland sites, suggesting presence of gene flow between these sites. There was no evidence of the stretch of water separating islands from the mainland forming a significant barrier to dispersal. Dispersal rates ranged from 2.5 km per generation in cluster 1 to 14 km per generation in clusters 3 and 4. We found evidence of male-biased dispersal. Few breeders are successfully dispersing over large distances. Effective population size estimates were low (33–310 individuals), while census size estimates ranged from 1200 (cluster 1) to 4100 (clusters 3 and 4). We present here a novel technique that adapts an existing census size estimation method to sampling without replacement, the scheme used in sampling tsetse flies.ConclusionOur study suggests that different control strategies should be implemented for the three PATTEC blocks and that, given the high potential for re-invasion from island sites, mainland and offshore sites in each block should be targeted at the same time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The population structure of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in the Lake Victoria basin in Uganda: implications for vector control

Hyseni

Kato

Okedi³

et al. 2012

Parasites Vectors

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“…Trap performance is affected by several factors. These include vegetation type (Hargrove & Vale, 1980), location relative to vegetation (Dransfield et al, 1982), host abundance (van Etten, 1981), time of day (Brady, 1972), changes in weather with time of day (Turner, 1987) and the fly's physiological state (Rogers, 1978). Trap catches for savanna tsetse can be improved considerably by dispensing odours near traps (Dransfield et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of vegetation and weather on trap catches of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes near Lake Victoria, Kenya

Mohamed-Ahmed

Wynholds

1997

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead was sampled in isolated thickets and forest patches near Lake Victoria, Kenya using unbaited biconical traps, between March 1992 and June 1993. Traps set at 1 m from the forest edge caught 3.3 times as many males and 5 times as many females as those set inside or 10 m away. The corresponding figures at 1 m from the edge of thicket were about 1.43 and 1.64 times, respectively. Hourly catches of males and females were positively correlated with temperature, light intensity and host (monitor lizard) prevalence, and negatively correlated with relative humidity. Light intensity and temperature were the most important variables affecting the catches of each sex. The results are discussed in relation to control and monitoring of G. f. fuscipes using traps.

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“…(e.g. Dransfield et al, 1982;Rogers et al, 1984). With the identification of specific chemical attractants for tsetse (Vale, 1980;Hall et al, 1984), it is likely that baited traps will increasingly be used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of odour attractants for sampling Glossina pallidipes Austen(Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, Kenya

Dransfield

Brightwell

Chaudhury

et al. 1986

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Various ketones and l-octen-3-ol were used as odour attractants with biconical traps at Nguruman, south-western Kenya, to assess their effects on the catch size and composition of Glossina pallidipes Austen. Acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and l-octen-3-ol were found to be effective in increasing catch size by up to 2-4 x, but the two ketones differed in their dose-response curves. Acetone was more effective for males than females, as was l-octen-3-ol. The age composition of samples from baited and unbaited traps differed only slightly. The level of variability between traps was reduced by the use of odour. Acetone with cow urine produced increases in catch of 9-25x, and significant differences were found between samples in sex ratio and age composition. The index of increase for cow urine plus acetone, when used with a biconical trap, was correlated with temperature changes during the day. This could only be partially accounted for by variability in dose rates. Cow urine with acetone is considered to be a potentially useful combination of baits for community participation tsetse control schemes.

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Population dynamics of Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead and G. tachinoides Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) in sub-Sudan savanna in northern Nigeria. I. Sampling methodology for adults and seasonal changes in numbers caught in different vegetation types

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

The population structure of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in the Lake Victoria basin in Uganda: implications for vector control

The population structure of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in the Lake Victoria basin in Uganda: implications for vector control

Effects of vegetation and weather on trap catches of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes near Lake Victoria, Kenya

The use of odour attractants for sampling Glossina pallidipes Austen(Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, Kenya

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