Population dynamics of Norwegian red deer: density–dependence and climatic variation

Forchhammer, Mads C.; Stenseth, Nils Chr.; Post, Eric; Langvatn, Rolf

doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0301

Cited by 273 publications

(297 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The strong cohort effect on the adult body mass of roe deer is likely to influence their population dynamics. During the last decade, time-series analyses have demonstrated the pervasive occurrence of delayed density-dependence in ungulate populations (Solberg et al (1999) in moose; Aanes et al (2000) in reindeer; Forchhammer et al (1998) in red deer; Fryxell et al (1991) in white-tailed deer). Although most of these studies involved harvested populations in which delayed effects may come from humans, the strength of cohort variation in adult body mass reported in our study suggests that high density at the time of birth might be a mechanism whereby delayed density-dependence occurs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in adult body mass in roe deer: the effects of population density at birth and of habitat quality

Pettorelli

Gaillard

Laere

et al. 2002

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

158

139

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Body mass is a key determinant of fitness components in many organisms, and adult mass varies considerably among individuals within populations. These variations have several causes, involve temporal and spatial factors, and are not yet well understood. We use long-term data from 20 roe deer cohorts in a 2600 ha study area (Chizé, western France) with two habitats contrasting in quality (rich oak forest in the North versus poor beech forest in the South) to analyse the effects of both cohort and habitat quality on adult mass (i.e. median body mass between 4 and 10 years of age) of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Cohort strongly influenced the adult body mass of roe deer in both sexes: males born in 1994 were 5.2 kg heavier when aged between 4 and 10 years old than males born in 1986, while females born in 1995 were 4.7 kg heavier between 4 and 10 years old than females born in 1982. For a given cohort, adult males were, on average, 0.9 kg heavier in the rich oak forest than in the poor beech forest. A similar trend occurred for adult females (0.5 kg heavier in the oak forest). The effects of cohort and habitat were additive and accounted for ca. 40% of the variation observed in the adult mass of roe deer at Chizé (males: 41.2%; females: 40.2%). Population density during the spring of the birth accounted for about 35% of cohort variation, whereas rainfall in May-June had no effect. Such delayed effects of density at birth on adult body mass probably affect population dynamics, and might constitute a mechanism by which delayed density-dependence occurs in ungulate populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in adult body mass in roe deer: the effects of population density at birth and of habitat quality

Pettorelli

Gaillard

Laere

et al. 2002

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

158

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The environment itself may change, but only as a consequence of the ecological processes themselves (e.g., consumption of resources; autogenic successional processes such as soil development or lake infilling) or as a stochastic variable, fluctuating randomly about a constant mean. Long-term environmental change has long been acknowledged by ecologists, but only recently have environmental change and nonstationary variability been explicitly incorporated into ecological models, usually as discrete perturbations or at relatively short time intervals (seasons to decades) (31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Ecology and Time's Environmental Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Community ecology in a changing environment: Perspectives from the Quaternary

Jackson

Blois

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

164

125

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Community ecology and paleoecology are both concerned with the composition and structure of biotic assemblages but are largely disconnected. Community ecology focuses on existing species assemblages and recently has begun to integrate history (phylogeny and continental or intercontinental dispersal) to constrain community processes. This division has left a "missing middle": Ecological and environmental processes occurring on timescales from decades to millennia are not yet fully incorporated into community ecology. Quaternary paleoecology has a wealth of data documenting ecological dynamics at these timescales, and both fields can benefit from greater interaction and articulation. We discuss ecological insights revealed by Quaternary terrestrial records, suggest foundations for bridging between the disciplines, and identify topics where the disciplines can engage to mutual benefit. community ecology | Quaternary paleoecology | climate change Community ecology and Quaternary paleoecology are both concerned with the composition and structure of biotic assemblages, including patterns of spatial variation and dynamics in changing environments. Community ecology focuses on the here and now of existing species assemblages, emphasizing mechanistic understanding of local species interactions and their consequences. Quaternary paleoecology uses geohistorical evidence (1) to infer properties of past communities and how they have changed, at local to regional scales, during the past few thousand to the past 2.6 million years. Both fields are under increasing demand to inform scientists, resource managers, and policymakers of what might be in store for biodiversity and ecosystems services under ongoing and future global change (2-5). Despite their shared concerns, however, community ecology and Quaternary paleoecology are fundamentally disconnected, with relatively little engagement.

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“…This increased time lag between initial colonization and heavy impact in the south of the archipelago could result from differences in habitat and climate. The south of Moresby Island is situated in the very wet hypermaritime sub-zone, with higher precipitation and differences in vegetation composition [3], factors known to influence deer population dynamic [16,22].…”

Section: Reconstructing Deer Colonization History Using Stem Age Strumentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we reconstruct deer browsing history and how? Lessons from Gaultheria shallon Pursh

Vila¹,

Guibal²,

Torre³

et al. 2005

Ann. For. Sci.

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-We identified and analysed browsing signatures left by Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) on Salal (Gaultheria shallon) to reconstruct deer browsing history. Radial growth analyses showed negative abrupt growth changes on islands with deer probably linked to defoliation. Deer browsing pressure was best assessed by the incidence of morphological changes caused by browsing in section form, lobes, pith form, pith position or the presence of decaying wood and by changes in stem age structures. Salal stems were twice older (30 years) on islands with deer than on islands without deer (16 years). On islands with deer deficit of stems in the youngest age classes suggested that deer impact has been strong on these shrubs for at least 20 years in the northern sites and for about 10 years in the southern ones.deer browsing history / negative abrupt growth change / morphological characteristics / age structures / Gaultheria shallon Pursh Résumé -Est-il possible de reconstituer l'histoire de l'abroutissement et comment ? Ce que nous apprend Gaultheria shallon Pursh. Nous avons identifié et analysé les signatures relatives à l'abroutissement du cerf à queue noire (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) sur le salal (Gaultheria shallon) et utilisé celles-ci pour reconstituer son histoire. L'analyse de la croissance radiale a révélé des décroissances brutales probablement liées à des défoliations. La pression et l'histoire d'abroutissement sont le mieux appréhendées par l'occurrence des caractères anatomiques tels que la forme de la section, la présence de lobes, la forme et la position de la moelle, la présence de bois altérés ou le déficit en jeunes tiges. L'analyse des âges révèle que les tiges de salal sont deux fois plus âgées en présence de cerfs (30 versus 16 ans). Sur les îles avec cerf, on observe un déficit de jeunes tiges qui suggère un impact fort du cerf depuis 10 ans dans les sites du sud et de 20 ans au moins dans les sites du nord.histoire de l'abroutissement par le cerf / décroissance brutale / caractères morphologiques / structures d'âge / Gaultheria shallon Pursh

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Population dynamics of Norwegian red deer: density–dependence and climatic variation

Cited by 273 publications

References 54 publications

Variations in adult body mass in roe deer: the effects of population density at birth and of habitat quality

Variations in adult body mass in roe deer: the effects of population density at birth and of habitat quality

Community ecology in a changing environment: Perspectives from the Quaternary

Can we reconstruct deer browsing history and how? Lessons from Gaultheria shallon Pursh

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