Population dynamics of redbay (Persea borbonia) after laurel wilt disease: an assessment based on forest inventory and analysis data

Shearman, Timothy M.; Wang, G. Geoff; Bridges, William C.

doi:10.1007/s10530-014-0799-6

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Nei's expected heterozygosity and Shannon's Information index were 0.60 and 1.17, respectively. Lastly, a total of 15 loci (RB2, 4, 6, 10, 13,14,18,19,22,25,29,30,38,39,53) were found to significantly deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (Chi-square test, p>0.05) in the 25 trees included in the study ( Supplementary Table S2). Thus, these results indicate that the 24 redbaygSSR markers which did not exhibit null allelescould reveal high levelsof genetic variation among redbay populations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first report of the disease in 2003 on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, and surrounding areas, thousands of redbays have died in the low country of South Carolina, resulting in loss of 75-80% of Hilton Head's redbays by the end of 2004 [10]. In the past few years, more than 90% mortality rate of large redbays has been reported in some affected sites [9,16,18,25]. Reported a decrease of 91 million redbay stems between the years of 2003 and 2011 in Georgia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity level of genomic microsatellites in redbay (Perseaborbonia L.) generated by Illumina sequencing

Chen¹,

Xu²,

Xu³

et al. 2015

J Plant Sci Mol Breed

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Redbay, Perseaborbonia (L.) Spreng., is a common evergreen tree or shrub native to the swamp forests of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains in the United States. In the past decade, redbay populations have suffered extensive mortality caused by the vascular disease Laurel wilt (Raffaelealauricola Eichhoff), which has been spread by the exotic redbay ambrosia beetle (Xyleborusglabratus Eichhoff). The disease is threatening the economic, ecologic and aesthetic functions of redbay. Early efforts to preserve genetic diversity of the threatened species, through seed and vegetative propagule collections have occurred without the benefit of guidance from a molecular characterization of existing genetic variation. Molecular markers may prove useful in guiding efficient conservation efforts for this species. Here we surveyed 51 genomic microsatellite (gSSR) markers derived from low-coverage whole genome sequencing of redbay with a panel of 25 unrelated redbay trees from eastern South Carolina. When analyzed in an ABI 3730 Genetic Analyzer, 24 markers demonstrated highly informative scores with a polymorphic information content of at least 0.50 and an estimated null allele frequency ≤0.1. The mean observed and effective number of alleles of these 24 sSSRs were 5.29 and 3.06, respectively. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.17 to 1.00 with a mean of 0.65, while the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.16 to 0.90 with a mean of 0.62. Nei's expected heterozygosity and Shannon's Information index were 0.60 and 1.17, respectively. These results indicate high diversity level in the 24 redbay gSSR markers. This is the first report of genetic variation of redbay DNA markers. The gSSRs exhibiting high levels of polymorphism can be applied in characterization of genetic composition and diversity of seed collection and resistant genotypes in redbay germplasm conservation and breeding programs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity level of genomic microsatellites in redbay (Perseaborbonia L.) generated by Illumina sequencing

Chen¹,

Xu²,

Xu³

et al. 2015

J Plant Sci Mol Breed

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“…By our final monitoring trips in 2018–2019, 36% of ortets were asymptomatic nearly 10 years after selection (Eicholtz, 2019). Using USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data, Shearman et al (2015) developed a logistic regression model to predict the probability of P. borbonia mortality by laurel wilt. They found that every centimetre increase in stem diameter and every additional year of laurel wilt presence increased the chances of death by 5% and 154%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Persea borbonia clones for resistance to the laurel wilt pathogen, Raffaelea lauricola

et al. 2022

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brosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff. The pathogen is transmitted when female beetles attack and bore into the sapwood of susceptible trees, releasing conidia from their fungal transport organ (mycangia) (Harrington et al., 2008). Once inside, fungal conidia quickly disperse throughout the vascular system, leading to crown wilt, brown/desiccated foliage, and eventually tree death. All North American Lauraceae are susceptible to R. lauricola as demonstrated by natural or forced X. glabratus attack or experimental fungal inoculation, but symptom expression can differ between hosts . No host trees are more severely affected than Persea borbonia sensu stricto L. Spreng. (redbay). Persea borbonia is

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“…Integrating these factors is critical for understanding long-term disease prevention and control. Shearman et al [176] used forest inventory and analysis data to estimate risk factors for redbay. They determined that the presence of laurel wilt in a county increased the odds that a given tree would be killed by approximately 154%, for every year after the initial outbreak, and that mortality rates increased by 5% for increases of 1 cm diameter breast height (DBH) in a tree's trunk diameter.…”

Section: Ecology and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laurel Wilt in Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems: Understanding the Drivers and Scales of Complex Pathosystems

Ploetz

Kendra²,

Choudhury

et al. 2017

Forests

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Laurel wilt kills members of the Lauraceae plant family in the southeastern United States. It is caused by Raffaelea lauricola T.C. Harr., Fraedrich and Aghayeva, a nutritional fungal symbiont of an invasive Asian ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, which was detected in Port Wentworth, Georgia, in 2002. The beetle is the primary vector of R. lauricola in forests along the southeastern coastal plain of the United States, but other ambrosia beetle species that obtained the pathogen after the initial introduction may play a role in the avocado (Persea americana Miller) pathosystem. Susceptible taxa are naïve (new-encounter) hosts that originated outside Asia. In the southeastern United States, over 300 million trees of redbay (P. borbonia (L.) Spreng.) have been lost, and other North American endemics, non-Asian ornamentals and avocado-an important crop that originated in MesoAmerica-are also affected. However, there are no reports of laurel wilt on the significant number of lauraceous endemics that occur in the Asian homeland of R. lauricola and X. glabratus; coevolved resistance to the disease in the region has been hypothesized. The rapid spread of laurel wilt in the United States is due to an efficient vector, X. glabratus, and the movement of wood infested with the insect and pathogen. These factors, the absence of fully resistant genotypes, and the paucity of effective control measures severely constrain the disease's management in forest ecosystems and avocado production areas.

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Population dynamics of redbay (Persea borbonia) after laurel wilt disease: an assessment based on forest inventory and analysis data

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Diversity level of genomic microsatellites in redbay (Perseaborbonia L.) generated by Illumina sequencing

Diversity level of genomic microsatellites in redbay (Perseaborbonia L.) generated by Illumina sequencing

Screening of Persea borbonia clones for resistance to the laurel wilt pathogen, Raffaelea lauricola

Laurel Wilt in Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems: Understanding the Drivers and Scales of Complex Pathosystems

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