Population dynamics of soil bacteria in some areas of Midnapore coastal belt, West Bengal, India

Abstract

In this present study the population dynamics of the soil bacteria of some coastal villages, namely Padima, Jatimati, Chanpabani, Palsandapur, Bhagibaharampur, Duttapur, Gangadharpur, Gobindabasan, Somaibasan of Digha, West Bengal, India, was determined. In these villages the aerobic heterotrophic, Gram-negative, spore-forming, starch-hydrolyzing, Pseudomonas, nitrate-reducing, denitrifying, asymbiotic N2 fixing, nitrifying, phosphate-solubilizing bacterial populations ranged from 1.22 to 2.67 × 106, 0.09–1.63 × 105, 1.53–3.68 × 105, 2.22–4.06 × 105, 0.02–0.04 × 105, 0.35–1.33 × 105, 0.07–0.82 × 105, 0.58–2.50 × 105, 0.13–2.35 × 105, 0.05–1.9 × 105 cfu/g dry soil, respectively. The organic carbon content of the soil samples ranged from 0.61 to 0.93 %. The available nitrogen and phosphate in the soils of the study area varied from 11.2 to 29.5 and 230.8–503.09 mg/kg, respectively. The one-way ANOVA revealed significant variations (p < 0.05) in the microbial diversity with respect to different locations of the study site. Shannon-Wiener and Simpson Index of the study areas ranged from 1.56 to 1.88 and 3.85–5.73, respectively. Jatimati showed comparatively higher diversity index among the villages of the study area. From principal component analysis, three components were extracted having the Eigen values of 3.541, 1.603 and 1.391, respectively. Agglometric hierarchial cluster analysis in respect of the number of different bacterial groups in different places of the study area showed that the denitrifying, nitrate reducing, asymbiotic nitrogen-fixing and spore-forming bacteria formed a cluster while Pseudomonas differed from them forming another cluster and nitrifying, Gram negative, phosphate-solubilising and starch-hydrolyzing bacteria formed another different cluster. This variation of the soil bacteria might be dependent on the microhabitat present in different locations of the study area.

Diversity of soil bacteria in some sacred patches of Purba Bardhaman District, West Bengal, India

“…The reason for such variation may be attributed to the differences in the microhabitats of the areas studied which, in a way, may be correlated to the physico-chemical parameters of the soil from these sacred patches as well. These results again support the views of earlier workers like Bever (1994), Mandic-Mulec and James (2011), Azmi and Chatterjee (2016), Rashid et al (2016) and Wang et al (2020). The correlation among the bacterial groups depending on their relative density was highlighted by clustering analysis (Fig.…”

“…The study on the nutrient status of soil samples from some sacred patches of Maharashtra by Sathe et al (2018) is also worth mentioning. However, similar studies on soil microbial diversity from different areas, other than sacred patches, include those by Das et al (2013), Radhakrishnan and Varadharajan (2016), Azmi and Chatterjee (2016), Sharma et al (2019); The viable plate count method was applied to study the bacterial diversity of the soil samples in the current investigation. The aerobic heterotrophic bacterial population from the sacred patches were quite high which indicates high composition of organic matters in the soil.…”

Seasonal Fluctuation of the Population and Characterization ofBacillusspp. Isolated from the Coastal Soils of Digha, West Bengal, India

“…Gömöryová et al [35] studied the distribution of functional groups of microbes via BIOLOG analysis and found organic carbon as an important functional group influencing microbial diversity in soil. Physicochemical properties of soils also influenced the soil microbial diversity pattern [9,10]. The two-way ANOVA study revealed that in Digha coastal belt the Bacillus diversity varied significantly both in spatial and in temporal aspects which may be due to the variation in the microhabitat present in these areas in different seasons.…”

“…After incubation, the colonies grown in those media were observed thoroughly for screening of the Bacillus colonies and a portion of each colony was observed under microscope to observe the rod shaped vegetative cells. The Bacillus colonies were then enumerated and total colony forming unit (cfu)/g of dry soil was calculated [9,10]. slants and stored at 4 ∘ C for further characterization.…”

Vermicompost and cow dung admixture increases rhizosphere bacterial population and promotes rapid physiological maturity in Maize (Zea mays L.)

“…The nitrate agar medium and spirit blue agar medium with TWEEN 20 were used to determine NRed and FHydro groups respectively. These groups of bacterial populations were determined after 1-3 days of incubation [29,30,31,32] . PHydro group of bacteria was determined by the presence of a halo zone around the colonies by flooding with HgCl 2 on nutrient agar medium with 2% gelatine.…”