Population Dynamics of the Root-knot Nematodes Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid &amp; White) Chitwood and M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood on Grapevines in two different Regions of South Africa

Loubser, J. T.; Meyer, A. J.

doi:10.21548/8-2-2312

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Daramola et al (2020) reported M. javanica and M. hapla from honeybush fields in Western Cape. According to Loubser and Meyer (1987), the presence of the two most important species in South Africa vineyards is determined by the vastly different climatic regions concerned. The results of the study showed that M. hapla was more prevalent in the sampled honeybush plantations in the Western Cape.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and seasonal changes in the population of root-knot nematodes on honeybush (Cyclopia sp.)

2021

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Summary Root-knot nematodes in the genus Meloidogyne are an important group of plant-parasitic nematodes causing severe damage on agricultural crops worldwide. A study was conducted to identify the species of root-knot nematodes causing damage on honeybush monocultures and to assess the seasonal variations in the nematode population. Soil samples were collected from six experimental sites in Genadendal, Western Cape province of South Africa from 2016 to 2017. DNA was extracted from single-second stage juveniles and species identifi cation was done using species-specifi c sequence-characterised amplifi ed regions (SCAR) primers. Meloidogyne hapla and M. javanica were identifi ed from the sites. Mean population density of the nematodes varied significantly (p < 0.05) in the six sites, with the peak population being recorded in summer of 2017. The study suggests that seasonal variation in temperature and moisture could contribute to changes in the population density of root-knot nematodes in the soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and seasonal changes in the population of root-knot nematodes on honeybush (Cyclopia sp.)

2021

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“…Root-knot nematodes (Heteroderidae) have a wide host range, are widely distributed in agricultural soils, and can cause extensive loss in terms of the yield quality of numerous crops (Kleynhans et al, 1996). Damage symptoms on rootknot nematode-infested vines include stunted growth, poor vigour and substandard yields (Loubser & Meyer, 1987).…”

Section: Figure 2 Slashing Of Crops With Slasher (A) Texture Of Slasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crops with Biofumigation Properties for the Suppression of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes: A Review

Kruger¹,

Fourie²,

Malan³

2016

SAJEV

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Plant-parasitic nematodes are a problem in vineyards worldwide, with some species acting as vectors of grapevine soil-transmitted viruses. Global pressure on the use of soil-applied chemical nematicides has led to a search for new control options, or for alternative methods to suppress plant-parasitic nematodes as part of integrated pest management. This paper gives valuable background information on the use of cover crops with biofumigation properties for the suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes in vineyards.

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“…This is when active root growth starts taking place and soil populations of root-knot nematodes peak in vineyards of the Northern Cape Province (Loubser & Meyer, 1987). Five soil cores were extracted from each of three vines per plot using a soil auger, 30 cm from the vine stem and approximately 30 cm deep.…”

Section: Nematode Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crop Management in Vineyards of the Lower Orange River Region, South Africa: 2. Effect on Plant Parasitic Nematodes

Addison

Fourie

2016

SAJEV

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This study was conducted as part of a larger investigation into the effect of management practices on selected sown cover crops and the effects thereof on grapevine performance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of these cover crops on plant parasitic nematode populations under natural field conditions. The trial site was in an own-rooted Sultanina vineyard situated in the Lower Orange River of the Northern Cape Province. Three management practices were applied selectively to ten cover crop species, with two control treatments consisting of weeds. Nematodes were monitored for a period of four years. 'Saia' oats were indicated as being poor hosts to both root-knot and root-lesion nematodes, while 'Overberg' oats showed poor host status against ring nematodes. 'Midmar' ryegrass and 'Paraggio' medic were also poor hosts for root-knot nematodes, while grazing vetch appeared to be a good host for root-knot nematodes. The most notable result from this study was the relatively high numbers of all three nematodes on the vine row, as opposed to the inter-row where cover crops were established. This indicates that vines were much better hosts for these nematodes than the cover crops. It is recommended that if more definite trends are to be observed, Brassica species, which have direct toxic/repellant effects on nematodes, should be tested. (Smith, 1977;Kleynhans et al., 1996). Root-knot and dagger nematodes are amongst the most economically significant. No research has been done on the use of cover crops for nematode management in South African vineyards. In California, Dactylis glomerata L. ('Berber' orchardgrass) was found to reduce root-knot nematode numbers in vines interplanted with this cover crop (Wolpert et al. 1993). In Australia, McLeod & Warren (1993) found that increases of root-knot nematodes were higher on legume crops than on cereals or Brassica species. A summary of the nematode host status of various cover crops and commonly occurring weeds in vineyards is given by Nicol & Heeswijck (1997). Most of the research focus thus far has been on root-knot nematodes.In South Africa, vineyard production is moving more towards an integrated pest management (IPM) approach, in line with the Scheme for Integrated Production of Wine (promulgated under the Act on Liquor Products [Act 60 of 1998]). Cultural management practices and the biological control of pests form the basis of IPM and should be viewed in the context of all pests and their natural enemies. Addison & Samways (2006) found that ants (a secondary pest of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus Signoret) were not affected significantly by cover crop management with Vicia dasycarpa Ten. (grazing vetch), Triticale v. Usgen 18 (triticale) or Festuca arundinacae L. v. Cochise (dwarf fescue) compared to weeds (no sown cover crop, full surface chemical control from bud break to harvest). Triticale, however, did appear to promote ant foraging, while mealybug natural enemies preferred the natural weed plots. Dust is detrimental for hymenopteran parasi...

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Population Dynamics of the Root-knot Nematodes Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood and M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood on Grapevines in two different Regions of South Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Occurrence and seasonal changes in the population of root-knot nematodes on honeybush (Cyclopia sp.)

Occurrence and seasonal changes in the population of root-knot nematodes on honeybush (Cyclopia sp.)

Cover Crops with Biofumigation Properties for the Suppression of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes: A Review

Cover Crop Management in Vineyards of the Lower Orange River Region, South Africa: 2. Effect on Plant Parasitic Nematodes

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