Population Dynamics under Parasitic Sex Ratio Distortion

Hatcher, Melanie J.; Taneyhill, Dale E.; Dunn, Alison M.; Tofts, C.

doi:10.1006/tpbi.1998.1410

Cited by 84 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The lack of a competitive advantage in populations characterized by strong distorters was due to the spread of suppressors, maintaining the sex ratio near even (Figure 5). Very strong distorters (~100% female) were associated with low population productivity and elevated extinction rates resulting from male rarity (Hatcher et al., 1999). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, strong population sex ratio biases associated with MSDs can lead to population extinction via male rarity and the Allee effect (Hatcher et al., 1999). Skewed population sex ratios are also predicted to be accompanied by reductions in effective population size ( N e , (Wright, 1931; Engelstadter & Hurst, 2007), further increasing the risk of extinction (Newman & Pilson, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…James and Jaenike (1990) speculated that female biases owing to X chromosome meiotic drive in Drosophila testacea may yield advantages via reduced sexual selection and enhanced interspecific competition for larval food sources. Sex ratio distorters have been implicated in the evolutionary success of invasive species (Galbreath, Smith, Terry, Becnel, & Dunn, 2004), a trend attributable to an enhanced rate of population increase (Hatcher et al., 1999). Recently, Unckless and Clark (2014) modeled the impacts of female‐biased sex ratios resulting from sex ratio meiotic drive on the competitive ability of species in a Drosophila community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intragenomic conflict produces sex ratio dynamics that favor maternal sex ratio distorters

Rood

Freedberg

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Maternal sex ratio distorters (MSDs) are selfish elements that enhance their transmission by biasing their host's sex allocation in favor of females. While previous models have predicted that the female‐biased populations resulting from sex ratio distortion can benefit from enhanced productivity, these models neglect Fisherian selection for nuclear suppressors, an unrealistic assumption in most systems. We used individual‐based computer simulation modeling to explore the intragenomic conflict between sex ratio distorters and their suppressors and explored the impacts of these dynamics on population‐level competition between species characterized by MSDs and those lacking them. The conflict between distorters and suppressors was capable of producing large cyclical fluctuations in the population sex ratio and reproductive rate. Despite fitness costs associated with the distorters and suppressors, MSD populations often exhibited enhanced productivity and outcompeted non‐MSD populations in single and multiple‐population competition simulations. Notably, the conflict itself is beneficial to the success of populations, as sex ratio oscillations limit the competitive deficits associated with prolonged periods of male rarity. Although intragenomic conflict has been historically viewed as deleterious to populations, our results suggest that distorter–suppressor conflict can provide population‐level advantages, potentially helping to explain the persistence of sex ratio distorters in a range of taxa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intragenomic conflict produces sex ratio dynamics that favor maternal sex ratio distorters

Rood

Freedberg

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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“…A recent study found that the vertically transmitted microsporidian Fibrillanosema crangonictidae had been introduced to Europe along with its North American amphipod host Crangonyx pseudogracilis [32]. This is significant, because host SEX-RATIO DISTORTION by this parasite might also facilitate host (and parasite) invasion and establishment [32]: female-biased sex ratios might lead to higher rates of host population increase [33]. Although DENSITY-DEPENDENT and ALLEE EFFECTS [34] might be expected to limit such population growth (because males are relatively rare), males of this species are precocious, promiscuous and not limited in mate search time as occurs in mate-guarding species [32].…”

Section: Parasite Transmission From Natives To Invadersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of parasites in animal invasions

Prenter

MacNeil

Dick

et al. 2004

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

455

413

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“…17] for more references). The fact that not only humans and their food sources (domestic animals and agronomic plants), but also natural animal and plant populations are afflicted, has also directed attention to the fascinating role of parasites in ecosystems [48,55,75,52]. In this paper, we revisit the question of competition between several parasite strains for one host and the evolution of virulence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen Competition and Coexistence and the Evolution of Virulence

Thieme

Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering

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Summary. Competition between different strains of a micro-parasite which provide complete cross-protection and cross-immunity against each other selects for maximal basic replacement ratio if, in the absence of the disease, the host population is exclusively limited in its growth by a nonlinear population birth rate. For mass action incidence, the principle of R 0 maximization can be extended to exponentially growing populations, if the exponential growth rate is small enough that the disease can limit population growth. For standard incidence, though not in full extent, it can be extended to populations which, without the disease, either grow exponentially or are growth-limited by a nonlinear population death rate, provided that disease prevalence is low and there is no immunity to the disease. If disease prevalence is high, strain competition rather selects for low disease fatality. A strain which would go extinct on its own can coexist with a more virulent strain by protecting from it, if it has strong vertical transmission.

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Population Dynamics under Parasitic Sex Ratio Distortion

Cited by 84 publications

References 49 publications

Intragenomic conflict produces sex ratio dynamics that favor maternal sex ratio distorters

Intragenomic conflict produces sex ratio dynamics that favor maternal sex ratio distorters

Roles of parasites in animal invasions

Pathogen Competition and Coexistence and the Evolution of Virulence

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