In order to examine whether otolith elemental composition of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii reflected spatially specific differences in capture location, we analyzed the elemental compositions in the edge portion of each otolith, which corresponded to the period immediately prior to the capture, as an indicator of the geographic areas in which the outer otolith was deposited. We collected 7 fish groups from 5 coastal sites: Tomamae offshore, Ishikari Bay, Akkeshi Bay, Lake Furen and Miyako Bay along the Japanese coast. Six elemental ratios, Na/Ca, Mg/Ca, K/Ca, Cu/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca, were measured in the edge areas of each otolith by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Significant differences were shown in all mean elemental ratios of otoliths among 4 sampling groups in the 2005 year class and among 3 sampling groups in the 2006 year class. The classification accuracy with the jackknife cross-validation using quadratic discriminant function analysis ranged from 80 to 98% and 78 to 100% in the 2005 and 2006 year classes, respectively. Our findings are comparable to those in previous studies and are further evidence that otolith chemistry is a potential tool for identifying the Pacific herring groups with different habitatuse histories and migration patterns.
KEY WORDS: Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) · Otolith chemistry · Pacific herring · Population structure · MovementResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Aquat Biol 10: 283-290, 2010 tuated in size (Iizuka & Morita 1991, Nagasawa 2001, which possibly affects the fluctuation of the total abundance of the species. In order to understand the population dynamics of Pacific herring, it is important to discriminate each ecologically different population and to determine the migration patterns for feeding and spawning in coastal and oceanic habitats.In previous studies, the population structure and the movements of Pacific herring were examined using artificial tags and genetics (Grant & Utter 1984, Kobayashi et al. 1990, Hay et al. 2001, Sugaya et al. 2008. Artificial tagging methods however, can only link a recaptured fish to the geographic area where it was marked. Furthermore, they are impractical for smallsize fishes because of the high rates of mortality during early life stages, and because of the requirement of a large number of tagged individuals to ensure a sufficient number of recaptures. Genetic composition can link fish to their origin populations, but not to the geographic areas where it was distributed. In Pacific herring, therefore, alternative approaches are required for studying the population structure and the movements of individual fish.To date, the chemical compositions of otoliths of teleost fishes have been analyzed to elucidate ecological questions concerning their population structure (Campana et al. 1994, Milton et al. 1997, population connectivity (Gillanders 2002), migration (Limburg 1995, Arai et al. 2004, th...