Population genetic structure of Mycosphaerella graminicola and Quinone Outside Inhibitor (QoI) resistance in the Czech Republic

Drabešová, Jana; Ryšánek, P.; Brunner, Patrick C.; McDonald, Bruce A.; Croll, Daniel

doi:10.1007/s10658-012-0080-8

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The same result was reported initially for Z. tritici in Tunisia (Boukef et al, 2012) and Morocco (Siah et al, 2014). However, the frequency of the G143A substitution in Z. tritici increased dramatically soon after deploying QoI fungicides in Europe (Torriani et al, 2009a;Drabe sov a et al, 2013), and the early emergence of QoI resistance has recently been reported in both Morocco (Siah et al, 2014) and Tunisia (Taher et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Emergence and early evolution of fungicide resistance in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici

et al. 2015

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Although fungicide resistance in crop pathogens is a global threat to food production, surprisingly little is known about the evolutionary processes associated with the emergence and spread of fungicide resistance. Early stages in the evolution of fungicide resistance were evaluated using the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, taking advantage of an isolate collection spanning 20 years in Oregon, USA, and including two sites with differing intensity of fungicide use. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytb protein conferring single-mutation resistance to QoI fungicides and the nuclear CYP51 gene implicated in multiple-mutation resistance to azole fungicides were analysed. Mutations associated with resistance to both fungicides were absent in the 1992 isolates, but frequent in the 2012 collection, with higher frequencies of resistance alleles found at the field site with more intensive fungicide use. Results suggest that the QoI resistance evolved independently in several lineages, and resulted in significant mitochondrial genome bottlenecks. In contrast, the CYP51 gene showed signatures of diversifying selection and intragenic recombination among three phylogenetic clades. The findings support a recent emergence of resistance to the two fungicide classes in Oregon, facilitated by selection for mutations in the associated resistance genes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Emergence and early evolution of fungicide resistance in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici

et al. 2015

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“…A detailed description of the sampling system and results of genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers are available in Drabešová et al (2013). The basic criteria for the selection of 10 isolates examined here were the results of pathogenicity studies, differences in geographical origin, results of genetic diversity studies, fungicide (QoI) resistance, as well as sporulation and development of culture media.…”

Section: Fungal Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since yield losses can reach in susceptible wheat cultivars 30-40% (Šíp et al 2014), it is a major reason for fungicide applications. Since the early 2000s, however, European isolates are increasingly resistant to strobilurins (Torriani et al 2009;Drabešová et al 2013) and a shift towards higher tolerance to azoles occurs (Cools & Fraaije 2008). Hence, the use of resistant cultivars is seen as a very important method of control (Brown et al 2001;Schilly et al 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent analysis of the genetic structure of M. graminicola populations across different agriculturally important regions of the Czech Republic using eight microsatellite markers was provided by Drabešová et al (2013). These analyses revealed a low degree of genetic differentiation among Czech populations and confirmed frequent sexual reproduction of the pathogen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of selected winter wheat cultivars to inoculation with different Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates

Šíp¹,

Chrpová²,

Palicová³

2015

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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AbstractŠíp V., Chrpová J., Palicová J. (2015): Response of selected winter wheat cultivars to inoculation with different Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 51: 86-95.Five winter wheat cultivars, differing in resistance to Septoria tritici blotch (STB), were spray inoculated under field conditions for two years and at two locations with nine Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates and a mixture of isolates that were obtained from different regions of the Czech Republic. Main aims of this study were (i) to compare isolate, host cultivar and environmental effects on five traits indicative of STB severity and (ii) to analyse pathogen aggressiveness and host-pathogen relations for improving evaluation of cultivar resistance. ANOVA showed in all traits, except the reduction in 1000 grain weight, significant isolate effects. However, the effects of isolate and genotype by isolate interactions were much lower (2.3-4%) than cultivar (19.1-53.7%) and environmental (11.9-58.6%) effects. Cultivar resistance to the disease limited much the loss in grain weight per spike to a halve, from 34.7% in the susceptible Bakfis to 17.3% in the resistant Arina. Visual scoring of symptoms in the middle and at the end of disease development (performed on the 1-9 scale), reflecting the disease progress and infected leaf area, showed the highest cultivar effect (54%) and could be recommended for evaluation of cultivar resistance in breeding practice. All examined traits were significantly interrelated, but significant differences between all the five cultivars were only detected after examination of the % coverage of flag leaves with lesions bearing pycnidia. Resistance in the cultivar Arina was detected by all isolates and the isolate mixture. In spite of significant differences in classification of resistances in the cultivars Bohemia and Mulan after inoculation with one isolate (1081), specific interactions between cultivars and isolates collected in this Central European region are rare. The study leads to a conclusion that investigation into stability of STB resistance across a wide range of environments is more valuable for breeding purposes than the study of cultivar response to different isolates. Combination of important isolate properties in a mixture of isolates is stressed as well

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“…Fungicide use to control STB exerts strong directional selection for fungicide resistance, and favors a rapid increase in the frequency of fungicide-resistant phenotypes. Since the introduction of strobilurin fungicides to control STB in the 2000s, a mutation conferring nearly complete resistance to strobilurins has been detected in the United Kingdom, United States, Czech Republic, Morocco, Ireland, France, Germany, and Denmark (Fraaije et al 2005, Gisi et al 2005, Drabešová et al 2013, Estep et al 2013, Siah et al 2014. This mutation is a single base pair substitution in the mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome B, where glycine replaces alanine at 143 (G143A; Gisi et al 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable competitive effects of fungicide resistance in field experiments with a plant pathogenic fungus

Hagerty

Graebner

Sackett

et al. 2017

Ecological Applications

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Classic evolutionary theory suggests that mutations associated with antimicrobial and pesticide resistance result in a fitness cost in the absence of the selective antimicrobial agent or pesticide. There is experimental evidence to support fitness costs associated with resistance to anti-microbial compounds and pesticides across many biological disciplines, including human pathology, entomology, plant sciences, and plant pathology. However, researchers have also found examples of neutral and increased fitness associated with resistance, where the effect of a given resistance mutation depends on environmental and biological factors. We used Zymoseptoria tritici, a model evolutionary plant pathogenic fungus, to compare the competitive ability of fungicide-resistant isolates to fungicide-sensitive isolates. We conducted four large-scale inoculated winter wheat experiments at Oregon State University agriculture experiment stations. We found a significant change in the frequency of fungicide resistance over time in all four experiments. The direction and magnitude of these changes, however, differed by experimental location, year of experiment, and inoculum resistance treatment (fungicide-resistant, resistant/sensitive mixture, and fungicide-sensitive). These results suggest that the competitive ability of resistant isolates relative to sensitive isolates varied depending upon environmental conditions, including the initial frequency of resistant individuals in the population.

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Population genetic structure of Mycosphaerella graminicola and Quinone Outside Inhibitor (QoI) resistance in the Czech Republic

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Emergence and early evolution of fungicide resistance in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici

Emergence and early evolution of fungicide resistance in North American populations of Zymoseptoria tritici

Response of selected winter wheat cultivars to inoculation with different Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates

Variable competitive effects of fungicide resistance in field experiments with a plant pathogenic fungus

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