Population Growth, Nutrient Enrichment, and Science-Based Policy in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

D’Elia, Christopher F.; Bidjerano, Morris; Wheeler, Timothy B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814003-1.00017-4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The results of dominant legacy sources, which are diffuse with regard to both time and space, and as such difficult to identify and mitigate, are consistent with previous reports of difficulties to achieve water quality goals (Destouni et al, 2017; Van Meter et al, 2018) in spite of many actions taken for such improvement in the Baltic region (Iho et al, 2015; Linke et al, 2014) and other parts of the world (D'Elia et al, 2019; Karydis & Kitsiou, 2012; Le Moal et al, 2019; Rabotyagov et al, 2014). Our results add to and support other research suggesting legacy stores of nutrients as a key reason for common failure to improve water quality after implementation of mitigation measures (Ardón et al, 2017; Ascott et al, 2017; Darracq et al, 2008; Destouni & Jarsjö, 2018; Poffenbarger et al, 2018; Puckett et al, 2011; Van Meter et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…A variety of sources contribute to stream concentrations and loads of nutrients (Destouni et al, 2010) that lead to the common environmental problem of eutrophication (Conley et al, 2009; Diaz & Rosenberg, 2011; Nixon, 1995; Schuwirth et al, 2018; Wurtsbaugh et al, 2019). A range of policies, strategies and management measures have been tried to mitigate nutrient loads and combat eutrophication (D'Elia et al, 2019; European Commission, 2000; Helsinki Commission, 2007; Iho et al, 2015; Le Moal et al, 2019). Yet, mitigation results remain unsatisfactory (Destouni et al, 2017; Van Meter et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrient source attribution: Quantitative typology distinction of active and legacy source contributions to waterborne loads

Chen

Destouni

Goldenberg

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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Distinction between active and legacy sources of nutrients is needed for effective reduction of waterborne nutrient loads and associated eutrophication. This study quantifies main typological differences in nutrient load behaviour versus water discharge for active and legacy sources. This quantitative typology is used for source attribution based on monitoring data for water discharge and concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) from 37 catchments draining into the Baltic Sea along the coastline of Sweden over the period 2003-2013. Results indicate dominant legacy source contributions to the monitored loads of TN and TP in most (33 of the total 37) study catchments. Dominant active sources are indicated in 1 catchment for TN, and mixed sources are indicated in 3 catchments for TN, and 4 catchments for TP. The TN and TP concentration contributions are quantified to be overall higher from the legacy than the active sources. Legacy concentrations also correlate well with key indicators of human activity in the catchments, agricultural land share for TN (R 2 = 0.65) and population density for TP (R 2 = 0.56). Legacy-dominated nutrient concentrations also change more slowly than in catchments with dominant active or mixed sources. Various data-based results and indications converge in indicating legacy source contributions as largely dominant, mainly anthropogenic, and with nearzero average change trends in the present study of catchments draining into the Baltic Sea along the coastline of Sweden, as in other parts of the world. These convergent indications emphasize needs to identify and map the different types of sources in each catchment, and differentiate strategies and measures to target each source type for possible achievement of shorter-and longer-term goals of water quality improvement.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient source attribution: Quantitative typology distinction of active and legacy source contributions to waterborne loads

Chen

Destouni

Goldenberg

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Socio-ecological analysis of the eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Leyva Ollivier,

Newton,

Kelsey

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This study is a social-ecological analysis of eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay, United States of America (USA). It uses an expanded DPSIR framework (Drivers/Pressures/State/ Impacts/Responses) methodology to analyze the issue. In addition, a typology of the social actors and stakeholders in the socio-economic part of the system is identified. These stakeholders include residents, agriculturists, fishers, real estate developers, tourism operators, scientific researchers, and state and federal regulators. The framework results found that the Drivers are food security, housing, economic development, recreation pursuits, a sense of belonging, and population growth. These result in human Activities such as land and coastal change for development, coastline changes for fisheries, urban or suburban development, burning fossil fuels, and agricultural fertilization. The activities exert Pressures such as wastewater discharge, runoff from cleared land, atmospheric deposition (NOx), nutrient input, decreased tidal vegetation, and overfishing of filter feeders. These alterations change the State of the environment and its resilience by increasing the duration and areal extent of hypoxia, turbidity, and change in nutrient ratios. This also causes ecosystem changes, such as a decrease in wildlife diversity, and affects ecosystem services, such as decreasing nutrient buffering. The health of Chesapeake Bay benefits all stakeholders and wildlife, so the reduction of ecosystem services results in Impacts on society’s welfare and well-being, the economy, and environmental justice. Examples are decreased fishery yields and poorer water quality, affecting aesthetics, tourism, and ultimately human health. The governance Response to the degradation of the Chesapeake Bay and main management Measures has been the formation of the Chesapeake Bay Program, which has developed several agreements to improve water quality. The Chesapeake Bay Foundation, Chesapeake Progress, and Report Cards are accountability tools to observe and communicate the management project results or enforce state laws. The current management shows promising results, but further efforts are required to improve the water quality. Using various management options may bridge this gap to benefit all stakeholders. The main conclusion is that, although eutrophication is a complex problem, there is a scientific knowledge-base and a range of management options to restore the Chesapeake Bay.

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Assessment of the Chesapeake Bay watershed socio-ecological system through the Circles of Coastal Sustainability framework

Leyva Ollivier,

Newton,

Kelsey

2024

Front. Water

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The concern with preserving natural resources for the future has been capturing global attention due to the state of decline of productive ecosystems. Chesapeake Bay, a large estuary located on the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States of America is such a productive ecosystem supporting thousands of animal and plants species, and the surrounding human population. Despite the concept of sustainable development, there has been continued pressure on the natural resources and the ecosystem services of the Bay. Institutional restoration and management efforts have been extensive, generating organizations, agreements, regulations and projects, among others. This research assesses Chesapeake Bay’s sustainability in four domains: environment, social, economy, and governance, using the Circles of Coastal Sustainability methodology. Each of the four domains has five categories, and each category is evaluated by the authors’ expert judgment using indicators related to the socio-ecological system and the definition of sustainable development. The article proposes a global sustainability score developed by a literature review of sustainability evaluated through the expert judgment of the authors. The results from the framework gave a “Satisfactory” score to the overall system; the environment and economic domains obtained the “Satisfactory” score, whilst the government and social domains obtained “Good” and “Poor” scores, respectively. The categories ranged between “Excellent” and “Poor” scores. The “Excellent” score was obtained by organization. The “Poor” score was obtained by five categories across the domains including social benefits, demographic, identity, security, and economic wellbeing. The assessment showed that the system has degradation problems, but the results have provided a general foundation for management bridges and barriers for sustainable development, with the barriers used to discuss new bridges towards holistic management proposals. The framework is a tool in progress to communicate to various actors the current sustainability development with the available information, provide a holistic system view, and find knowledge gaps in the research of a system. Similarly, the framework and assessment can be complemented, adapted, refined, and improved with each application as part of an adaptive management iterative cycle.

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Population Growth, Nutrient Enrichment, and Science-Based Policy in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Nutrient source attribution: Quantitative typology distinction of active and legacy source contributions to waterborne loads

Nutrient source attribution: Quantitative typology distinction of active and legacy source contributions to waterborne loads

Socio-ecological analysis of the eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Assessment of the Chesapeake Bay watershed socio-ecological system through the Circles of Coastal Sustainability framework

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