Population history, genetic variation and conservation status of the endangered birch species Betula nana L. in Poland

Jadwiszczak, Katarzyna A.; Drzymulska, Danuta; Banaszek, Agata; Jadwiszczak, Piotr

doi:10.14214/sf.905

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The highest and lowest levels of microsatellite variation were recorded in the LIN and IZER samples, respectively (Jadwiszczak et al 2012). In turn, AFLPs were most variable in IZER and least variable in LIN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…More numerous markers appear to be more conclusive in the evaluation of population genetic diversity despite the codominant and multiallelic state of microsatellites (Mariette et al 2002;Gaudeul et al 2004). Additionally, the presence of null alleles, which can decrease the level of genetic variation assessed by the microsatellites, was not excluded at some microsatellite loci in the B. nana study (Jadwiszczak et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The number of polymorphic loci was similar or higher (P loc = 83-102) and Nei's gene diversity parameter was higher (H j = 0.120-0.136) in the relict samples than in samples derived from the widespread populations (P loc = 87-91; H j = 0.091-0.115). These results were most striking because nuclear microsatellite investigation has suggested low levels of intrapopulation genetic diversity in the Polish populations of B. nana (Jadwiszczak et al 2012). It was explained as an effect of small population sizes, insufficient sexual reproduction and lack of gene exchange between the studied localities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…LIN and ZIEL reserves share the same haplotype, whereas the IZER reserve is characterised by another haplotype. Based on this result, it was hypothesised that either Poland was populated from distinct glacial refugia or haplotype fixation resulted from genetic drift acting strongly in relict populations (Jadwiszczak et al 2012). The aim of the present work was to assess resources of genetic diversity in three Polish and one Belarusian relict populations of B. nana using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method to determine if they are genetically eroded compared with the central localities from Finland and Russia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) diversity has revealed that all Polish populations are fixed in respect of the most common birch haplotypes (Jadwiszczak et al 2012). LIN and ZIEL reserves share the same haplotype, whereas the IZER reserve is characterised by another haplotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic diversity and sexual reproduction in relict populations of Betula nana

Jadwiszczak¹,

Kłosowski²,

Zalewska³

et al. 2017

Silva Fenn.

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Highlights• Genetic diversity parameters and meiotic recombination frequencies in the relict populations were comparable to those from widespread localities.• Contribution of seeds without ovule was very high.• Fully developed seeds germinated better in central populations.• Significant differences of groundwater parameters were observed between relict and central populations. AbstractIn the present study, the impact of geographical isolation and habitat conditions on genetic diversity and sexual reproduction was tested in four relict populations of dwarf birch Betula nana L. in Poland and Belarus. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method revealed that the endangered central European stands were not genetically extirpated compared with the widespread localities from Finland and Russia, which can result from infrequent outcrossing events in long-living clonal populations. However, genetic clustering methods indicated significant differentiation of the Polish populations because of their small sizes and long-term geographical isolation. Considerable numbers of empty seeds were observed in both relict and central locations, although fully developed seeds germinated better in widespread populations. Analysis of groundwater chemical parameters indicated that two relict populations were significantly different from the remaining samples with respect to pH, electrical conductivity and concentrations of phosphorus ions, which can also influence the efficiency of sexual reproduction. In the light of results obtained it seems that endangered B. nana localities are relatively stable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Genetic diversity and sexual reproduction in relict populations of Betula nana

Jadwiszczak¹,

Kłosowski²,

Zalewska³

et al. 2017

Silva Fenn.

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Holocene chloroplast genetic variation of shrubs (Alnus alnobetula, Betula nana, Salix sp.) at the siberian tundra‐taiga ecotone inferred from modern chloroplast genome assembly and sedimentary ancient DNA analyses

Meucci

Schulte

Zimmermann

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Climate warming alters plant composition and population dynamics of arctic ecosystems. In particular, an increase in relative abundance and cover of deciduous shrub species (shrubification) has been recorded. We inferred genetic variation of common shrub species (Alnus alnobetula, Betula nana, Salix sp.) through time. Chloroplast genomes were assembled from modern plants (n = 15) from the Siberian forest‐tundra ecotone. Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA; n = 4) was retrieved from a lake on the southern Taymyr Peninsula and analyzed by metagenomics shotgun sequencing and a hybridization capture approach. For A. alnobetula, analyses of modern DNA showed low intraspecies genetic variability and a clear geographical structure in haplotype distribution. In contrast, B. nana showed high intraspecies genetic diversity and weak geographical structure. Analyses of sedaDNA revealed a decreasing relative abundance of Alnus since 5,400 cal yr BP, whereas Betula and Salix increased. A comparison between genetic variations identified in modern DNA and sedaDNA showed that Alnus variants were maintained over the last 6,700 years in the Taymyr region. In accordance with modern individuals, the variants retrieved from Betula and Salix sedaDNA showed higher genetic diversity. The success of the hybridization capture in retrieving diverged sequences demonstrates the high potential for future studies of plant biodiversity as well as specific genetic variation on ancient DNA from lake sediments. Overall, our results suggest that shrubification has species‐specific trajectories. The low genetic diversity in A. alnobetula suggests a local population recruitment and growth response of the already present communities, whereas the higher genetic variability and lack of geographical structure in B. nana may indicate a recruitment from different populations due to more efficient seed dispersal, increasing the genetic connectivity over long distances.

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Glacial relicts in the Alps: the decline and conservation strategy for Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae)

Bétrisey

Arrigo

Graf³

et al. 2020

Alp Botany

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The Alps played an important role in the biogeography of European plants and acted as a refugium for numerous species during the interglacial cycles. We investigated Nuphar pumila, one of the most emblematic glacial relicts of the Alps, by carrying out exhaustive literature and field surveys to collect relevant data on its distribution and threats. We further evaluated the level of introgression with the closely related N. lutea based on microsatellite data from natural populations across the Alps as well as from all ex situ collections and reintroductions in Switzerland. According to our results, more than 60% of the known N. pumila populations went extinct, and the species currently presents 37 natural populations in the investigated area. A large number of populations were affected by eutrophication (69%) and hybridization with N. lutea (53%). Priority should be given to the in situ conservation of genetically pure populations, while ex situ cultures should be applied to nearly extinct populations and the genetically pure individuals still present in hybrid populations. N. pumila is an excellent representative of the wetland/aquatic glacial relicts that are particularly affected by the combination of climate change and habitat degradation. International integration of research and conservation programs is needed to limit the decline of such rare species in the Alps.

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Population history, genetic variation and conservation status of the endangered birch species Betula nana L. in Poland

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Genetic diversity and sexual reproduction in relict populations of Betula nana

Genetic diversity and sexual reproduction in relict populations of Betula nana

Holocene chloroplast genetic variation of shrubs (Alnus alnobetula, Betula nana, Salix sp.) at the siberian tundra‐taiga ecotone inferred from modern chloroplast genome assembly and sedimentary ancient DNA analyses

Glacial relicts in the Alps: the decline and conservation strategy for Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae)

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