Population history of deep-sea vent and seepProvannasnails (Mollusca: Abyssochrysoidea) in the northwestern Pacific

Abstract

BackgroundGastropods of the genus Provanna are abundant and widely distributed in deep-sea chemosynthetic environments with seven extant species described in the northwestern Pacific.MethodsWe investigated the population history and connectivity of five Provanna species in the northwestern Pacific through population genetic analyses using partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene.ResultsWe found that P. subglabra, the most abundant and genetically diverse species, is genetically segregated by depth. Among the five species, the three comparatively shallower species (P. lucida, P. kuroshimensis, P. glabra) had a more constant demographic history compared to the deeper species (P. subglabra, P. clathrata).DiscussionEnvironmental differences, especially depth, appears to have a role in the segregation of Provanna snails. The population of P. clathrata in the Irabu Knoll appears to have expanded after P. subglabra population. The remaining three species, P. lucida, P. kuroshimensis, and P. glabra, are only known from a single site each, all of which were shallower than 1,000 m. These data indicate that Provanna gastropods are vertically segregated, and that their population characteristics likely depend on hydrothermal activities.

Four new deep-sea provannid snails (Gastropoda: Abyssochrysoidea) discovered from hydrocarbon seep and hydrothermal vents in Japan

“…Provanna fenestrata n. sp. reported herein appears to be a deep-water specialist occurring between depths of 1559 and 1973 m, which is even deeper than P. clathrata, the deepest occurring species reported in Ogura et al [34]. This further reinforces the idea that water depth may be a key factor in their separation and evolution [34].…”

“…[34]. This further reinforces the idea that water depth may be a key factor in their separation and evolution [34]. Although Provanna species often occur in high-density aggregates, the surprising discovery of Provanna stephanos n. sp.…”

“…By analysing the population genetics of five Provanna species inhabiting chemosynthetic ecosystems around Japan, including P. glabra , P. subglabra , P. lucida , P. kuroshimensis and P. clathrata across chemosynthetic ecosystems ranging between 644 and 1646 m in depth, Ogura et al . [34] showed that these species were segregated by depth. Provanna fenestrata n. sp.…”

“…open sci. 6: 190393 chemosynthetic ecosystems ranging between 644 and 1646 m in depth, Ogura et al [34] showed that these species were segregated by depth. Provanna fenestrata n. sp.…”

Complex factors shape phenotypic variation in deep-sea limpets

“…The nuclear H3 gene was sequenced from 23 Bathyacmaea and 10 Serradonta (electronic supplementary material, table S3) and the nuclear 18S rRNA gene was sequenced from nine Bathyacmaea and six Serradonta (electronic supplementary material, table S4). Published methods were followed for DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing [14]. Primer pairs included LCO1490/HCO2198 for the COI region [15], H3aF/H3aR for the H3 region [16] and 18e/18dh for the 18S region [17].…”