Population Prevalence of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Subtype for Young Children in Nationwide Surveys of the British General Population and of Children in Care

Abstract

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The early course and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in very young children: diagnostic prevalence and predictors in hospital‐attending children and a randomized controlled proof‐of‐concept trial of trauma‐focused cognitive therapy, for 3‐ to 8‐year‐olds

“…As a result of the findings from Study 1 showing that PTSD-YC identifies children with PTSD up to age 8 years who are missed by the standard PTSD diagnosis alongside the other similar data that prompted the age cutoff in Study 1 (Danzi & La Greca, 2017;Hitchcock et al, 2021;Meiser-Stedman et al, 2008), and in accordance with the slightly wider age range recruited in some prior CBT trials providing treatment to young children experiencing PTSD (e.g. Salloum et al, 2016), we recruited young children with PTSD-YC up to 8 years of age.…”

“…Previous research has suggested that the PTSD‐YC diagnosis may be a more appropriate conceptualization of PTSD beyond the preschool range for children up to 8 years of age (Danzi & La Greca, 2017; Hitchcock et al., 2021; Meiser‐Stedman et al., 2008). For this reason, the present study also reports prevalence estimates for children both up to 6 years and up to 8 years.…”

Child Sexual Abuse Victimization: Focus on Self-Compassion

“…Although not without criticism ( 31 ), the DSM-5 added two new criteria as part of the new symptom cluster D of negative cognitions and mood: “Persistent, distorted cognitions about the cause or consequences of the traumatic event(s) that lead the individual to blame himself/herself or others” (p. 4), as well as “persistent negative emotional state (e.g., fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame)” (p. 3). In trauma-exposed foster children, aged 5 to 8, PTSD diagnosis rates were 54% of children ( 32 ). Among juvenile detainees, CSA predicted PTSD symptoms, over and above other forms of trauma ( 17 ), suggesting unique impact of CSA.…”

Expert consensus regarding indicators of a traumatic reaction in autistic youth: a Delphi survey

“…anxiety, depression) are also highly prevalent and associated with childhood adversity in autistic youth (Kerns, Newschaffer, Berkowitz, & Lee, 2017;Kerns, Rast, & Shattuck, 2020). By contrast, rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) appear similar to or less than that seen in the general pediatric population (Hitchcock et al, 2021;Hoch & Youssef, 2020;Kerns, Newschaffer, & Berkowitz, 2015). This is surprising given many features related to ASD, such as social disconnection, intellectual disability, anxiety, and emotion dysregulation increase the risk for developing PTSD following a potentially traumatic event (Kerns et al, 2015).…”