Population risk assessment of ambient benzene and evaluation of benzene regulation in gasoline in Japan

Kajihara, Hideo; Ishizuka, Soya; Fushimi, Akihiro; Masuda, Atsushi; Nakanishi, Junko

doi:10.1007/bf03500902

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Finally, it is helpful to compare our results with those of previous studies shown in Table ( − ). It is easily found that emergency countermeasures are cost-effective on aver age and that long-term countermeasures are located in the middle.…”

Section: Cost Per Life-year Savedmentioning

confidence: 70%

Cost Effectiveness of Reducing Dioxin Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators in Japan

Kishimoto

Oka

Yoshida

et al. 2001

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The main sources of dioxin emissions are municipal solid waste incinerators. The Japanese national government has set an emission standard for dioxins to reduce dioxin exposure levels. In this study, cost-effectiveness analyses are carried out regarding countermeasures that were recently taken and are being taken at municipal solid waste incinerators in Japan. Annual costs were estimated by telephone survey and model calculations. Annual decrease in the incidence of cancer was estimated in three steps. First, the annual decrease in the volume of dioxin emissions was estimated. Next, using a mathematical model, the annual decrease in human exposure was estimated. Finally, the annual decrease in the incidence of cancer was estimated by applying the cancer slope factor. When annual costs are divided by the annual number of life-years saved, cost per life-year saved (CPLYS) was obtained. CPLYS was estimated to be 7.9 million yen for emergency countermeasures and 150 million yen for long-term countermeasures. However, it must be noted that these obtained CPLYSs are highly dependent on the cancer slope factor and should be considered as an upper limit since there may be a cancer effect threshold.

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Section: Cost Per Life-year Savedmentioning

confidence: 70%

Cost Effectiveness of Reducing Dioxin Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators in Japan

Kishimoto

Oka

Yoshida

et al. 2001

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The excess lifetime cancer risk of the population was calculated as the product of the benzene level and the unit risk for benzene. The results indicated that the population was estimated to receive an excess lifetime cancer risk greater than 1x10 -5 , which is proposed as the permissible maximum value for individual excess lifetime cancer risk by the Japan Environmental Agency (JEA) [12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Fuel Switching to the Level of Air Toxic and its Potential Health Impact in Bangkok, Thailand

Thongkum

Thepanondh

2014

AMR

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The annual arithmetic mean concentrations of benzene and 1, 3-butadiene were gradually decreasing tendency from the year 2008 2011 at every monitoring stations in Bangkok. Dramatically decreasing of these air toxics, measured in the road curbside areas were found in the year 2012 when the Thais government implemented the improvement of fuel quality from Euro 2 to Euro 4 standards. Calculated cancer risk of benzene and 1, 3-butadiene dramatically decreased at every monitoring stations. The results indicated that the population was estimated to receive an excess lifetime cancer risk greater than 1 x 10-5, which is proposed as the permissible maximum value for individual excess lifetime cancer risk by the Japan Environmental Agency (JEA). However, cancer risk from air toxic was found significantly decreased in the year 2012. These finding elucidated the effectiveness of changing of fuel quality to the reduction of airborne air toxic concentration in Bangkok environment.

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Differences in Benzene Patterns Among Traffic and Industrial Areas and a Prediction Model for Benzene Rates Based on NO x Values

Paz

Goldstein

Kordova-Biezuner

et al. 2015

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Population risk assessment of ambient benzene and evaluation of benzene regulation in gasoline in Japan

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Cost Effectiveness of Reducing Dioxin Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators in Japan

Cost Effectiveness of Reducing Dioxin Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators in Japan

Impact of Fuel Switching to the Level of Air Toxic and its Potential Health Impact in Bangkok, Thailand

Differences in Benzene Patterns Among Traffic and Industrial Areas and a Prediction Model for Benzene Rates Based on NO x Values

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