Population seroprevalence of antibody to influenza A(H7N9) virus, Guangzhou, China

Lin, Yu; Yang, Zhongping; Liang, Ying; Li, Zheng Tu; Bond, Helen S.; Chua, Huiying; Luo, Ya Sha; Chen, Yuan; Chen, Ting Ting; Guan, Wen Da; Lai, Jimmy C. C.; Siu, Yu Lam; Pan, Si Hua; Peiris, Malik; Cowling, Benjamin J.; Mok, Chris Ka Pun

doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1983-3

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Finally, we investigated the impact of confirmed human H3 infection with or without documented receipt of the seasonal influenza vaccine on CIV neutralizing Ab (NAb) titers. Serum samples were obtained from patients enrolled at either the Johns Hopkins Health System (JHMI) or Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH) in Taipei, Taiwan with confirmed H3N2 infection and documentation of receipt of the seasonal influenza vaccine during the 2016-17 season (Fig 7) [36,37]. At baseline (i.e., at the time of enrollment), seroprotective NAbs (>1:40) against CIV-41915 were detected in 54% in contrast to 81% against human Beth15 H3N2 virus (Fig 7A).…”

Section: Plos Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Emerging Canine H3 Influenza Viruses

et al. 2020

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Section: Plos Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Emerging Canine H3 Influenza Viruses

et al. 2020

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“…Due to potential for further adaptation to mammals and possible human-tohuman transmission, the World Health Organization (WHO) previously classified H7N9 as "an unusually dangerous virus for humans" (http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2013/04/ h7n9-unusually-dangerous-virus-international-group-experts-concludes). Several asymptomatic and mild infections with the H7N9 LPAIVs, which may increase mammalian adaptation and transmissibility between humans, have also been reported in humans (18,19).…”

Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

New Threats from H7N9 Influenza Virus: Spread and Evolution of High- and Low-Pathogenicity Variants with High Genomic Diversity in Wave Five

Quan

Shi

Yang

et al. 2018

J Virol

105

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H7N9 virus has caused five infection waves since it emerged in 2013. The highest number of human cases was seen in wave 5; however, the underlying reasons have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, the geographical distribution, phylogeny, and genetic evolution of 240 H7N9 viruses in wave 5, including 35 new isolates from patients and poultry in nine provinces, were comprehensively analyzed together with strains from first four waves. Geographical distribution analysis indicated that the newly emerging highly pathogenic (HP) and low-pathogenicity (LP) H7N9 viruses were cocirculating, causing human and poultry infections across China. Genetic analysis indicated that dynamic reassortment of the internal genes among LP-H7N9/H9N2/H6Ny and HP-H7N9, as well as of the surface genes, between the Yangtze and Pearl River Delta lineages resulted in at least 36 genotypes, with three major genotypes (G1 [A/chicken/Jiangsu/SC537/2013-like], G3 [A/Chicken/Zhongshan/ZS/2017-like], and G11 [A/Anhui/40094/2015-like]). The HP-H7N9 genotype likely evolved from G1 LP-H7N9 by the insertion of a KRTA motif at the cleavage site (CS) and then evolved into 15 genotypes with four different CS motifs, including PKGR/G, PKGR/G, PKRR/G, and PKRR/G. Approximately 46% (28/61) of HP strains belonged to G3. Importantly, neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor (NAI) resistance (R292K in NA) and mammalian adaptation (e.g., E627K and A588V in PB2) mutations were found in a few non-human-derived HP-H7N9 strains. In summary, the enhanced prevalence and diverse genetic characteristics that occurred with mammalian-adapted and NAI-resistant mutations may have contributed to increased numbers of human infections in wave 5. The highest numbers of human H7N9 infections were observed during wave 5 from October 2016 to September 2017. Our results showed that HP-H7N9 and LP-H7N9 had spread virtually throughout China and underwent dynamic reassortment with different subtypes (H7N9/H9N2 and H6Ny) and lineages (Yangtze and Pearl River Delta lineages), resulting in totals of 36 and 3 major genotypes, respectively. Notably, the NAI drug-resistant (R292K in NA) and mammalian-adapted (e.g., E627K in PB2) mutations were found in HP-H7N9 not only from human isolates but also from poultry and environmental isolates, indicating increased risks for human infections. The broad dissemination of LP- and HP-H7N9 with high levels of genetic diversity and host adaptation and drug-resistant mutations likely accounted for the sharp increases in the number of human infections during wave 5. Therefore, more strategies are needed against the further spread and damage of H7N9 in the world.

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“…exposed to infected birds as well as the general population within H7N9 virus-affected regions in China showed overall low seropositivity indicating a low number of transmission events causing subclinical human infections Lin et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2016). Different serological investigations in risk groups like poultry workers, farmers, veterinarians, etc.…”

Section: Handling and Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of low pathogenic avian influenza virus transmission via raw poultry meat and raw table eggs

Gonzáles¹,

Roberts²,

Śmietanka³

et al. 2018

EFS2

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A rapid qualitative assessment has been done by performing a theoretical analysis on the transmission of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) via fresh meat from poultry reared or kept in captivity for the production of meat (raw poultry meat) or raw table eggs. A predetermined transmission pathway followed a number of steps from a commercial or non‐commercial poultry establishment within the EU exposed to LPAI virus (LPAIV) to the onward virus transmission to animals and humans. The combined probability of exposure and subsequent LPAIV infection via raw poultry meat containing LPAIV is negligible for commercial poultry and humans exposed via consumption whereas it is very unlikely for non‐commercial poultry, wild birds and humans exposed via handling and manipulation. The probability of LPAIV transmission from an individual infected via raw poultry meat containing LPAIV is negligible for commercial poultry and humans, whereas it is very unlikely for non‐commercial poultry and wild birds. The combined probability of exposure and subsequent LPAIV infection via raw table eggs containing LPAIV is negligible for commercial poultry and humans and extremely unlikely to negligible for non‐commercial poultry and wild birds. The probability of LPAIV transmission from an individual infected via raw table eggs containing LPAIV is negligible for commercial poultry and humans and very unlikely to negligible for non‐commercial poultry and wild birds. Although the presence of LPAIV in raw poultry meat and table eggs is very unlikely to negligible, there is in general a high level of uncertainty on the estimation of the subsequent probabilities of key steps of the transmission pathways for poultry and wild birds, mainly due to the limited number of studies available, for instance on the viral load required to infect a bird via raw poultry meat or raw table eggs containing LPAIV.

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Population seroprevalence of antibody to influenza A(H7N9) virus, Guangzhou, China

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Characterizing Emerging Canine H3 Influenza Viruses

Characterizing Emerging Canine H3 Influenza Viruses

New Threats from H7N9 Influenza Virus: Spread and Evolution of High- and Low-Pathogenicity Variants with High Genomic Diversity in Wave Five

Assessment of low pathogenic avian influenza virus transmission via raw poultry meat and raw table eggs

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