Population Status, Group Size, and Threat to Boutourlini’s Blue Monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii) in Jibat Forest, Ethiopia

Kibebew, Ensermu; Abie, Kassahun

doi:10.4172/2157-7625.1000230

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…During individuals counting, the size of each troop of C. g. gallarum was also recorded. When the distance between individuals was less than 50 meters, they were considered members of the same group (Kibebew and Abie, 2017).…”

Section: Data Collection Population Status and Group Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Population Size, Group Composition and Feeding Ecology of the Endemic and Endangered Colobus guereza gallarum in Harenna Forest, Harenna Buluk District, South East Ethiopia

Mekonen

Hailemariam

2021

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology

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Population size, group composition and feeding ecology of the endemic and endangered Black-and-White Colobus Monkey (Colobus guereza gallarum) was investigated in Harenna Forest, South East Ethiopia by using the line-transect method in 10 selected blocks. During the dry and wet seasons, a mean number of 212 and 246 C. g. gallarum individuals was recorded, respectively. Also, the number of groups of the animal was higher in wet (36) than dry (31) season, but statistically insignificant (P= 0.447). Out of the recorded C. g. gallarum, 25.98% were adult males; 32.53% adult females; 14.85% sub-adult male, 11.14% sub-adult female and 15.50% were juveniles/young. Young leaves were the largest (35.1%) contributor to the diet of guereza followed by shoots (22.1%) in both seasons. Other common items were included mature leaves (20.6 %), bark (17.7%), fruit (2.8%) and flower (1.7%). C. g. gallarum were observed feeding on 19 plant species belonging to 12 families. The highest contribution of the diet was from the family Rosaceae (41.67%), while family Fabaceae, Moraceae and Myrsinaceae were contributing 50% of the diet. Schefflera volkensii was the most consumed plant species which accounted for 7.96%, followed by Urera hypselodendron (7.83%) and Dombeya torrida (7.06%). Moreover, C.g.gallarum mainly forage on leaves particularly young leaves, and their foraging activities depend inside the forest. Thus, to maintain sustainable conservation of the endemic C.g.gallarum in the area, their habitats should be properly protected, and appropriate monitoring strategies should be designed.

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Section: Data Collection Population Status and Group Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Population Size, Group Composition and Feeding Ecology of the Endemic and Endangered Colobus guereza gallarum in Harenna Forest, Harenna Buluk District, South East Ethiopia

Mekonen

Hailemariam

2021

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology

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“…During the dry season most trees drop their leaves and become deciduous and individuals are sparsely distributed throughout the entire forest that makes population count not easier as during the wet season. Similarly, [14] estimated more numbers of Boutourlini's blue monkey during the wet season than the dry season. The densities of primates are directly related to the availability and distribution of food tress [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Population Size, Activity Patterns, Diet, and Ranging Ecology of Boutourlini’s Blue Monkey (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii) in Apini and Dokuma Forests, Awi Zone, Ethiopia

Birhan¹,

Ejigu

2021

Preprint

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Background: By studying population size, activity patterns, diet, and ranging ecology of Boutourolini’s blue monkey (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii) we can get sufficient information to conserve the subspecies in the area. Boutourlini’s blue monkey is endemic subspecies found in the western and northwestern parts of Ethiopia. The study was conducted in Apini and Dokuma forests, northwestern Ethiopia, from October 2018 to June 2019. The block count method was used to estimate its total population size and scan sampling method was used to collect data for activity patterns, and diet. The ranging ecology of the study subspecies was determined for each group based on the point to point movements of the group between consecutive GPS locations recorded. Results: On average a total of 71 and 111 individuals of Boutourolini’s blue monkey were counted in Apini and Dokuma forests, respectively. Boutourolini’s blue monkey spent 47.5% and 48.6% of time feeding, 20.2% and 18.6% moving, and 14.1% and 13.5% resting by the Apini and Dokuma groups, respectively. The Apini group frequently fed on young leaves (52.8%), fruits (30.2%), and mature leaves (6.6%), while the Dokuma group fed on young leaves (39.8%), fruit 942.3%), and mature leaves (8.3%). Ranging ecology of Boutourolini’s blue monkey was 44.4 ha and 78.3 ha for the Apini group, and 51 ha and 56.9 ha for the Dokuma group during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Conclusions: The total population size of blue monkeys in the Apini and Dikuma forests counted were different. Activity budgets vary during the wet and dry seasons. During the entire study period blue monkeys consumed different food items from the two forests. The home range size of blue monkeys during the two seasons was different in both groups and they traveled long distance during the dry season. As the habitats of Boutourolini’s blue monkey in the present study area is degraded due to various anthropogenic activities, there is a need to design strategies to minimize conservation problems of the subspecies in the area.

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“…They frequently live in societies where women are the majority, meaning females stay in their natal groups. However, as soon as they reach the mature stage, the males leave their groups [27]. There are usually a lot of females and young in each group of blue monkeys, but only one male.…”

Section: Ranking With Blue Monkey Optimization (Bmo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Deep Learning with Optimization Algorithm for Emotion Recognition in Social Networks

Suresh

2023

IJACSA

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Emotion recognition, or computers' ability to interpret people's emotional states, is a rapidly expanding topic with many life-improving applications. However, most imagebased emotion recognition algorithms have flaws since people can disguise their emotions by changing their facial expressions. As a result, brain signals are being used to detect human emotions with increased precision. However, most proposed systems could do better because electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are challenging to classify using typical machine learning and deep learning methods. Human-computer interaction, recommendation systems, online learning, and data mining all benefit from emotion recognition in photos. However, there are challenges with removing irrelevant text aspects during emotion extraction. As a consequence, emotion prediction is inaccurate. This paper proposes Radial Basis Function Networks (RBFN) with Blue Monkey Optimization to address such challenges in human emotion recognition (BMO). The proposed RBFN-BMO detects faces on large-scale images before analyzing face landmarks to predict facial expressions for emotional acknowledgment. Patch cropping and neural networks comprise the two stages of the RBFN-BMO. Pre-processing, feature extraction, rating, and organizing are the four categories of the proposed model. In the ranking stage, appropriate features are extracted from the pre-processed information, the data are then classed, and accurate output is obtained from the classification phase. This study compares the results of the proposed RBFN-BMO algorithm to the previous state-of-the-art algorithms using publicly available datasets derived from the RBFN-BMO model. Furthermore, we demonstrated the efficacy of our framework in comparison to previous works. The results show that the projected method can progress the rate of emotion recognition on datasets of various sizes.

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Population Status, Group Size, and Threat to Boutourlini’s Blue Monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii) in Jibat Forest, Ethiopia

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Population Size, Group Composition and Feeding Ecology of the Endemic and Endangered Colobus guereza gallarum in Harenna Forest, Harenna Buluk District, South East Ethiopia

Population Size, Group Composition and Feeding Ecology of the Endemic and Endangered Colobus guereza gallarum in Harenna Forest, Harenna Buluk District, South East Ethiopia

Population Size, Activity Patterns, Diet, and Ranging Ecology of Boutourlini’s Blue Monkey (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii) in Apini and Dokuma Forests, Awi Zone, Ethiopia

An Efficient Deep Learning with Optimization Algorithm for Emotion Recognition in Social Networks

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