Population Structure of the Salamander Hynobius retardatus Inferred from a Partial Sequence of the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region

Azuma, Noriko; Hangui, Jun-ichi; Wakahara, Masami; Michimae, Hirofumi

doi:10.2108/zsj.30.7

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…We reconstructed a cladogram among local populations of Hokkaido salamander by using microsatellite markers. Although some parts of the phylogeny were consistent with the genealogy based on mitochondrial DNA [ 24 ], there were also inconsistencies. In our microsatellite analysis, only the Kitami and Teshio populations were clustered with high confidence, whereas the mitochondrial data analysis placed the Nopporo and Teshio populations into the same haplotype subgroup.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The estimated divergence time of H . retardatus is about 18–14 Ma [ 6 ], but the populations apparently did not diverge until about 0.72–0.32 Ma [ 24 ]. There are several possible explanations for this difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several possible explanations for this difference. Populations of the Hokkaido salamander experienced many environmental changes and two population bottlenecks [ 24 ]. The consequent demographic fluctuations, including population extinctions and recolonization, may have led to lineage sorting or to shallow divergences or both.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…retardatus populations that their genetic differences did not correlate with morphological differences but with geographic location. In addition, Azuma et al [ 24 ] recently identified three mitochondrial haplotype groups, each with a different geographic distribution. However, current genetic structure among local populations and the evolutionary history of those populations remain obscure owing to an overall paucity of genetic analysis data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population Structure and Evolution after Speciation of the Hokkaido Salamander (Hynobius retardatus)

et al. 2016

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The Hokkaido salamander (Hynobius retardatus) is endemic to Hokkaido Island, Japan, and shows intriguing flexible phenotypic plasticity and regional morphological diversity. However, to date, allozymes and partial mitochondria DNA sequences have provided only an outline of its demographic histories and the pattern of its genetic diversification. To understand the finer details of the population structure of this species and its evolution since speciation, we genotyped five regional populations by using 12 recently developed microsatellite polymorphic markers. We found a clear population structure with low gene flow among the five populations, but a close genetic relationship between the Teshio and Kitami populations. Our demographic analysis suggested that Teshio and Erimo had the largest effective population sizes among the five populations. These findings regarding the population structure and demography of H. retardatus improve our understanding of the faunal phylogeography on Hokkaido Island and also provide fundamental genetic information that will be useful for future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population Structure and Evolution after Speciation of the Hokkaido Salamander (Hynobius retardatus)

et al. 2016

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“…These findings imply the existence of genetic variation among local populations. Phylogeographic studies have also identified genetic differences and phylogenetic relationships among local populations (Azuma, Hangui, Wakahara, & Michimae, 2013;Matsunami, Igawa, Michimae, Miura, & Nishimura, 2016;Michimae, 2006Michimae, , 2007Michimae et al, 2009).…”

Section: Interaction-driven Expression Of the Cannibalism Reaction mentioning

confidence: 99%

An interaction‐driven cannibalistic reaction norm

Nishimura

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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AbstractsCannibalism is induced in larval‐stage populations of the Hokkaido salamander, Hynobius retardatus, under the control of a cannibalism reaction norm. Here, I examined phenotypic expression under the cannibalism reaction norm, and how the induction of a cannibalistic morph under the norm leads to populational morphological diversification. I conducted a set of experiments in which density was manipulated to be either low or high. In the high‐density treatment, the populations become dimorphic with some individuals developing into the cannibal morph type. I performed an exploratory analysis based on geometric morphometrics and showed that shape characteristics differed between not only cannibal and noncannibal morph types in the high‐density treatment but also between those morph types and the solitary morph type in the low‐density treatment. Size and shape of cannibal and noncannibal individuals were found to be located at either end of a continuum of expression following a unique size–shape integration rule that was different from the rule governing the size and shape variations of the solitary morph type. This result implies that the high‐density‐driven inducible morphology of an individual is governed by a common integration rule during the development of dimorphism under the control of the cannibalism reaction norm. Phenotypic expression under the cannibalism reaction norm is driven not only by population density but also by social interactions among the members of a population: variation in the populational expression of dimorphism is associated with contingent social interaction events among population members. The induced cannibalistic morph thus reflects not only by contest‐type exploitative competition but also interference competition.

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Scale‐dependent influences of environmental, historical, and spatial processes on taxonomic and functional beta diversity of Japanese bat assemblages

Maki,

Sannomiya,

Hirao

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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This study investigated the relative influences of environmental, spatial, and historical factors, including the island‐specific history of land connectivity, on bat assemblages in the Japanese Archipelago. We collected bat distribution data from 1408 studies and assigned them to Japan's First Standard Grid (approximately 6400 km2). Japanese bat assemblages were analyzed at two scales: the entire Japanese Archipelago comprised 16 islands and exclusively the four main islands. At first, we calculated taxonomic and functional total beta diversity (βtotal) by Jaccard pairwise dissimilarity and then divided this into turnover (βrepl) and richness‐difference (βrich) components. We conducted hierarchical clustering of taxonomic beta diversity to examine the influence of the two representative sea straits, Tsugaru and Tokara, which are considered biogeographical borders. Variation partitioning was conducted to evaluate the relative effects of the three factors on the beta diversity. Clustering revealed that the Tokara Strait bordered the two major clades; however, the Tsugaru Strait did not act as a biogeographical border for bats. In the variation partitioning, shared fraction between spatial and historical factors significantly explained taxonomic and functional βtotal and taxonomic βrepl at the entire archipelago scale, but not at the four main islands scale extending only Tsugaru Strait but not Tokara Strait. Pure environmental factors significantly explained functional βtotal at both scales and taxonomic βtotal only at the four main islands scale. These results suggest that spatial and historical factors are more pronounced in biogeographical borders, primarily structuring assemblage composition at the entire archipelago scale, especially in taxonomic dimension. However, current environmental factors primarily shape the assemblage composition of Japanese bats at the main island scale. The difference in results between the two scales highlights that the primary processes governing assemblages of both dimensions depend on the quality of the dispersal barriers between terrestrial and aquatic barriers for bats.

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Population Structure of the Salamander Hynobius retardatus Inferred from a Partial Sequence of the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Population Structure and Evolution after Speciation of the Hokkaido Salamander (Hynobius retardatus)

Population Structure and Evolution after Speciation of the Hokkaido Salamander (Hynobius retardatus)

An interaction‐driven cannibalistic reaction norm

Scale‐dependent influences of environmental, historical, and spatial processes on taxonomic and functional beta diversity of Japanese bat assemblages

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