Population structure, spatial distribution and phenology of Anacardium humile A. St.-Hil. (Anacardiaceae) in cerrado stricto sensu

Abstract

This study determined the size structure, spatial distribution, and phenology of individuals from a population of Anacardium humile A. St.-Hil. in a cerrado stricto sensu area. Four sample plots (100 × 100 m each) were randomly selected in the Quilombola Kalunga land. Within the plots, we counted the number of individuals and measured the height, basal diameter, number of tree branches and recorded their location and the presence of rocky outcrops. For the phenological analysis, sixteen individuals were monitored between May 2016 and April 2017. A total of 417 individuals were inventoried, which resulted in an average density of 104.25 ind ha-1 (± 60.35). The abundance of individuals was higher in the rocky outcrops and with an aggregate spatial distribution. The population is self-regenerating. Phenological changes were concentrated in the dry season and were influenced by lower precipitation rates, maximum temperature, and relative humidity.

Structural assessment of a population of Anacardium humile subjected to fire during different periods of the year

“…Considering the influence that rocky outcrops have on the abundance of A. humile, and the need to evaluate the effect of fires on the post-fire species abundance, the local species density before the fire events was adopted as a parameter of comparison. These species density data were published by Sousa & Cunha (2018a). The density of A. humile before the fire events was 104.25 ind ha -1 (± 60.35), with an amplitude of 46 to 189 ind ha -1 .…”

“…The median values of total height and basal diameter were not different among the areas, probably because this species is a fast-growing shrub after a fire disturbance (López-Naranjo & Pernía 1990;Fernandes 2012;Sousa & Cunha 2018a). Thus, after about two years of the fire disturbance in the areas, the individuals had similar height and basal diameter.…”

“…Although the rocky area within the plots was not calculated, the LF area had a higher number of rocky outcrops than the other areas. As a result, about 60 % of the LF individuals were in rocky outcrop sites, which are preferred environments of the local population of A. humile (Sousa & Cunha 2018a). In this case, the fire had no influence on the abundance of individuals in the EF and LF areas.…”

“…Anacardium humile is a small shrub and subshrub species, abundant in the territory of the Kalunga, in the state of Goiás (Sousa & Cunha 2018a), and it is subject to damage directly caused by high-or low-intensity fires (Carvalho et al 2005), which influenced its choice as model species for this experiment. We hypothesize that there will be differences in the population structure of A. humile among areas subjected to fires during different periods of the year.…”

Distribución espacial de Vanilla bahiana (Orchidaceae) en dos fitofisonomías de restinga. ¿El patrón espacial varía?

“…La información sobre patrones espaciales puede contribuir a una mejor comprensión de los procesos de dispersión de especies y recolonización de hábitats, así como para el establecimiento de estrategias de conservación y planes de gestión, especialmente aquellos que involucren la recuperación de áreas degradadas o fragmentos de vegetación (Anjos et al, 2004;Bonet et al, 2005). Se han realizado evaluaciones del patrón de distribución espacial para especies de diferentes familias de angiospermas, helechos y gimnospermas, presentes en dominios fitogeográficos o biomas diversos en diferentes etapas sucesionales (Hay et al, 2000;Anjos et al, 2004;Kanieski et al, 2012;Sousa & Cunha, 2018;Teixeira et al, 2019). En este sentido, las Orchidaceae han sido uno de los grupos botánicos más investigados; los estudios se centran en especies terrestres y tipos de vegetación del bosque atlántico, como el bosque caducifolio estacional, el bosque semideciduo estacional y llanuras costeras (restingas) (Budke et al, 2004;Krahl et al, 2010;Carvalho et al, 2012;Souza et al, 2012;Dubbern et al, 2013;Piccoli et al, 2014;Quenzer & Pedroso-de-Moraes, 2014;Souza-Leal & Pedroso-de-Moraes, 2014;Fajardo et al, 2015;Rahal et al, 2015).…”