Populations Structuring of Near Infrared Spectra and Modified Partial Least Squares Regression

Shenk, J. S.; Westerhaus, M. O.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183x003100060034x

Cited by 414 publications

(317 citation statements)

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“…Samples were considered to be well-represented by prediction equation calibration sets if global and neighborhood distances (GD and ND) calculated for each sample were ≤3 and ≤1.2, respectively, for individual constituents [32]. Samples that exceeded these limits for a constituent were considered outliers relative to the calibration dataset and predicted values for those constituents were excluded from comparisons of experimental treatments and calculations of TEY and TEP.…”

Section: Biomass Preparation and Nirs Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomass samples for prediction equation development are selected to represent the range of spectral, cultural, and compositional characteristics, such as maturity and crop management, in the population of interest [32,35]. Calibration sets of paired spectra and reference wet chemical data are used with chemometrics software to develop prediction equations for rapid, cost-effective analysis of biomass constituents [35,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

et al. 2015

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Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a warmseason perennial grass, is an important bioenergy crop candidate because it produces high biomass yields on marginal lands and on reclaimed surface mined sites. In companion studies, dry matter (DM) yields for Cave-inRock, Shawnee, and Carthage cultivars varied from 4.2 to 13.0 Mg ha −1 averaged over 6 years at the reclaimed Hampshire site, and fertilization increased yields of Cave-in-Rock at Black Castle and Coal Mac sites from 0.3 to 2 Mg ha −1 during the first 3 years. The objective of these experiments was to compare the impacts of cultivar and soil amendments on biomass quality and theoretical ethanol production of switchgrass grown on surface mines with differing soil characteristics. Biomass quality was determined for fiber, ash, lignin, digestibility, and carbohydrate contents via near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy, and carbohydrates were used to calculate theoretical ethanol yield (TEY; L Mg −1 ) and multiplied by biomass yield to calculate theoretical ethanol production (TEP; L ha −1 ). Cultivars at the Hampshire site did not differ in TEY and ranged from 426 to 457 L Mg −1 . Theoretical ethanol production from Cave-in-Rock at Hampshire was 7350 L ha −1 , which was higher than other cultivars because of its greater biomass production. This TEP was higher than in other studies which predicted 4000 to 5000 L ha −1 . At the Black Castle and Coal Mac sites, fertilizer applications slightly affected biomass quality of switchgrass and TEY, but provided greater TEP as a function of increased yield. Similar to other findings, total switchgrass biomass production has more impact than compositional differences on TEP, so maximizing biomass production is critical for maximizing potential biofuel production. With appropriate soil substrates, fertilization, planning, and management, large areas of reclaimed surface mines can be converted to switchgrass stands to produce high biomass quality and yields to support a bioethanol industry.

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Section: Biomass Preparation and Nirs Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

et al. 2015

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“…The mathematical treatments using in the 2, 8, 6, 1 (the first number is the second derivative of log 1/R, the second number is the gap in data points over which the derivative was calculated, the third and fourth denote the number of average data points that are curved to smooth spectrum) (Shenk and Westerhaus, 1991). The "SNV-D" (Standard Normal Variate and Detrend) was implemented for scatter correction (Shenk and Westehaus, 1991). And the wavelengths at every 2 nm across the entire visible (408~1092 nm) plus near infrared (1108~2492 nm) spectrum were used for calibrations.…”

Section: Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Fatty Acid Composition in Peanut Seed by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Lee¹,

Pae²,

Choung³

et al. 2016

Korean J. Crop Sci.

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This study was conducted to develop a fast and efficient screening method to determine the quantity of fatty acid in peanut oil for high oleate breeding program. A total of 329 peanut samples were used in this study, 227 of which were considered in the calibration equation development and 102 were utilized for validation, using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). The NIRS equations for all the seven fatty acids had low standard error of calibration (SEC) values, while high R2 values of 0.983 and 0.991 were obtained for oleic and linoleic acids, respectively in the calibration equation. Furthermore, the predicted means of the two main fatty acids in the calibration equation were very similar to the means based on gas chromatography (GC) analysis, ranging from 36.7 to 77.1% for oleic acid and 7.1 to 42.7% for linoleic acid. Based on the standard error of prediction (SEP), bias values, and R 2 statistics, the NIRS fatty acid equations were accurately predicted the concentrations of oleic and linoleic acids of the validation sample set. These results suggest that NIRS equations of oleic and linoleic acid can be used as a rapid mass screening method for fatty acid content analysis in peanut breeding program.

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“…Sample processing and chemical analysis DM, alkanes, N and AA were determined in feed and refusals, faeces and digesta samples as described elsewhere (Mayes et al, 1986;Shenk and Westerhaus, 1991;Bermingham et al, 2001 and2006).…”

Section: Treatment and Parasitologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal amino acid absorption in lambs fed fresh Lucerne (Medicago sativa) during an established Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection

Bermingham

Roy

Sutherland

et al. 2008

Animal

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The effects of an established Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection on amino acid (AA) absorption from the small intestine and their availability to other tissues were determined in lambs 48 days post infection. The lambs were fed fresh Lucerne (Medicago sativa; , 800 g dry matter (DM)/day) and dosed with 6000 L3 T. colubriformis larvae for 6 days (n 5 5) or kept as parasite free controls (n 5 6). Faecal egg production was monitored every second day from day 22 to day 48. A nitrogen (N) balance was conducted on days 35 to 43 after infection, and digesta flow and AA concentration measurements were made on day 44. On day 48 after infection, blood was continuously collected from the mesenteric artery and vein, plasma harvested and AA concentrations measured. Faecal egg production peaked on the 26th day after infection (P , 0.001) and intestinal worm burdens on day 48 were greater (P , 0.001) in the infected lambs. Feed intake and liveweight gain were similar (P . 0.10) between control and infected lambs. Digestibility and flow of DM and N through the digestive tract were also unaffected (P . 0.10) by parasite infection. Despite a trend towards higher abomasal AA flux in the parasitised lambs (P , 0.10), apparent AA absorption from the small intestine and AA availability to other tissues were unaffected (P . 0.10) by infection. These results suggest that an established parasite infection had little effect on the intestinal absorption and availability of AA to other tissues in lambs fed fresh Lucerne.

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Populations Structuring of Near Infrared Spectra and Modified Partial Least Squares Regression

Cited by 414 publications

References 0 publications

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

Determination of Fatty Acid Composition in Peanut Seed by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Intestinal amino acid absorption in lambs fed fresh Lucerne (Medicago sativa) during an established Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection

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