“…In this article, I frame the discussion within the context of the Chinese-educated working-class 5 left wing (Buchanan, 1972: 215; Hua, 1983: 76; Matijasevich, 2020: 201; Trocki, 2006: 142), which was an important force in Singapore in the key years of the 1950s and 1960s until it was defeated by the moderate or ‘conservative-technocrat’ (Rahim, 2010: 11; Trocki, 2006: 130) faction of the ruling PAP, under the prime-ministership of Lee Kuan Yew, in the 1960s (Trocki, 2006: 186; Visscher, 2007: 105, 112, 142–143, 152–156). 6 After it lost political power inside the PAP, the Barisan Sosialis / Socialist Front was ‘narrow, weak, vulnerable and disunited’ (Chin, 2008: 72), and never as powerful as in the ‘united front’ days within the PAP.…”