PopW activates PAMP-triggered immunity in controlling tomato bacterial spot disease

Tian, Wei; Wang, Luyao; Zhou, Xiao-si; Ren, Xiuyan; Dai, Xiang-Qun; Liu, Hongxia

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.006

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Both PopW and CA have been reported to be involved in stomatal regulation [ 10 , 13 , 15 , 24 ]. Stomatal immunity is a typical defense response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional pathogens, including Pst DC3000 and Rs ZJ3721, were cultured in LB medium; Pst DC3000 was cultured at 28 °C, and Rs ZJ3721 was cultured at 37 °C. For pathogen treatment, the bacterial suspension cultured overnight was resuspended in pure water to OD 600 = 0.3, and 0.02% Silwet L 77 was added, after which the mixture was sprayed on the leaves of 8-week-old tomato plants [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disease status was assessed by quantifying bacterial leaf populations [ 24 ]. Bacterial quantitation was performed by the dilution point plate method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Carbonic Anhydrase βCA1 Functions in PopW-Mediated Plant Defense Responses in Tomato

Zhao

Yuan

Xiao

et al. 2023

IJMS

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β-Carbonic anhydrase (βCA) is very important for plant growth and development, but its function in immunity has also been examined. In this study, we found that the expression level of Solanum lycopersicum βCA1 (SlβCA1) was significantly upregulated in plants treated with Xanthomonas euvesicatoria 85-10. The protein was localized in the nucleus, cell membrane and chloroplast. Using tomato plants silenced with SlβCA1, we demonstrated that SlβCA1 plays an active role in plant disease resistance. Moreover, we found that the elicitor PopW upregulated the expression of SlβCA1, while the microbe-associated molecular pattern response induced by PopW was inhibited in TRV-SlβCA1. The interaction between PopW and SlβCA1 was confirmed. Here, we found that SlβCA1 was positively regulated during PopW-induced resistance to Xanthomonas euvesicatoria 85-10. These data indicate the importance of SlβCA1 in plant basic immunity and its recognition by the Harpin protein PopW as a new target for elicitor recognition.

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“…Both PopW and CA have been reported to be involved in stomatal regulation [ 10 , 13 , 15 , 24 ]. Stomatal immunity is a typical defense response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Carbonic Anhydrase βCA1 Functions in PopW-Mediated Plant Defense Responses in Tomato

Zhao

Yuan

Xiao

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The first layer of plant immunity—i.e., PTI triggered at the early interaction stage—can restrict the growth of the vast majority of pathogens [ 51 ]. Previous studies have mainly focused on transcriptomic responses during the early phase of plant responses to bacterial and fungal PAMPs or proteins [ 43 , 44 , 52 ]. In this study, the differential expression of plant genes related to defense mechanisms was investigated at 3, 6, and 12 h after SCR96 treatment to cover the biotrophic period of Phytophthora infections [ 2 , 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Course Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Differential Resistance Responses of Tomato to a Phytotoxic Effector of the Pathogenic Oomycete Phytophthora cactorum

Zhou

Wen

Huang

et al. 2023

Plants

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Blight caused by Phytophthora pathogens has a devastating impact on crop production. Phytophthora species secrete an array of effectors, such as Phytophthora cactorum-Fragaria (PcF)/small cysteine-rich (SCR) phytotoxic proteins, to facilitate their infections. Understanding host responses to such proteins is essential to developing next-generation crop resistance. Our previous work identified a small, 8.1 kDa protein, SCR96, as an important virulence factor in Phytophthora cactorum. Host responses to SCR96 remain obscure. Here, we analyzed the effect of SCR96 on the resistance of tomato treated with this recombinant protein purified from yeast cells. A temporal transcriptome analysis of tomato leaves infiltrated with 500 nM SCR96 for 0, 3, 6, and 12 h was performed using RNA-Seq. In total, 36,779 genes, including 2704 novel ones, were detected, of which 32,640 (88.7%) were annotated. As a whole, 5929 non-redundant genes were found to be significantly co-upregulated in SCR96-treated leaves (3, 6, 12 h) compared to the control (0 h). The combination of annotation, enrichment, and clustering analyses showed significant changes in expression beginning at 3 h after treatment in genes associated with defense and metabolism pathways, as well as temporal transcriptional accumulation patterns. Noticeably, the expression levels of resistance-related genes encoding receptor-like kinases/proteins, resistance proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), transcription factors, pathogenesis-related proteins, and transport proteins were significantly affected by SCR96. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) validated the transcript changes in the 12 selected genes. Our analysis provides novel information that can help delineate the molecular mechanism and components of plant responses to effectors, which will be useful for the development of resistant crops.

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“…As control, primers for the ribosomal protein L2 (Rpl2) were used in tomato and, in the case of citrus, for actin (Table S1). The primers used for tomato (Wei et al ., ) and citrus (Piazza et al ., ) are described in Table S1. Oligonucleotides for the amplification of HIR genes in both species were designed, looking for the homologues of pepper HIR (CaHIR).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

XacFhaB adhesin, an important Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri virulence factor, is recognized as a pathogen‐associated molecular pattern

Garavaglia

Zimaro

Abriata

et al. 2016

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Adhesion to host tissue is one of the key steps of the bacterial pathogenic process. Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri possesses a non-fimbrial adhesin protein, XacFhaB, required for bacterial attachment, which we have previously demonstrated to be an important virulence factor for the development of citrus canker. XacFhaB is a 4753-residue-long protein with a predicted β-helical fold structure, involved in bacterial aggregation, biofilm formation and adhesion to the host. In this work, to further characterize this protein and considering its large size, XacFhaB was dissected into three regions based on bioinformatic and structural analyses for functional studies. First, the capacity of these protein regions to aggregate bacterial cells was analysed. Two of these regions were able to form bacterial aggregates, with the most amino-terminal region being dispensable for this activity. Moreover, XacFhaB shows features resembling pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are recognized by plants. As PAMPs activate plant basal immune responses, the role of the three XacFhaB regions as elicitors of these responses was investigated. All adhesin regions were able to induce basal immune responses in host and non-host plants, with a stronger activation by the carboxyl-terminal region. Furthermore, pre-infiltration of citrus leaves with XacFhaB regions impaired X. citri ssp. citri growth, confirming the induction of defence responses and restraint of citrus canker. This work reveals that adhesins from plant pathogens trigger plant defence responses, opening up new pathways for the development of protective strategies for disease control.

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PopW activates PAMP-triggered immunity in controlling tomato bacterial spot disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

The Carbonic Anhydrase βCA1 Functions in PopW-Mediated Plant Defense Responses in Tomato

The Carbonic Anhydrase βCA1 Functions in PopW-Mediated Plant Defense Responses in Tomato

Time-Course Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Differential Resistance Responses of Tomato to a Phytotoxic Effector of the Pathogenic Oomycete Phytophthora cactorum

XacFhaB adhesin, an important Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri virulence factor, is recognized as a pathogen‐associated molecular pattern

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