Porcine Deltacoronavirus Infection and Transmission in Poultry, United States1

A RT-PCR assay for the detection of coronaviruses from four genera

“…It should be noted that δ-CoVs in particular have an affinity to jump species. A recent study demonstrated that poultry are susceptible to infection with PDCoV [21] and that PDCoV also infects human cell lines [22]. So, we should be particularly concerned when a novel CoV is detected at the human-animal interface.…”

Replicative capacity of porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in primary bovine mesenchymal cells

“…PDCoV is a novel enteropathogenic coronavirus in pigs and was previously reported in wild birds, although the mechanisms of interspecies transmission of deltacoronaviruses between pigs and birds are unclear (Jung et al, 2016). PDCoV may be incompletely adapted to pigs and as such may have a capacity to infect different animal species (Jung et al, 2016), as also suggested by previous in vitro or in vivo observations (Boley et al, 2020;Li et al, 2018;Liang et al, 2019). Our previous in vivo study also revealed that gnotobiotic calves were susceptible to infection with the newly emerging PDCoV, but not with PEDV (Jung et al, 2017).…”

“…Relative to PEDV, PDCoV is a novel enteropathogenic CoV in pigs (Jung et al, 2016). PDCoV may be incompletely adapted to pigs and as such may have a capacity to infect different animal species, such as calves, chickens, and turkeys (Boley et al, 2020;Jung et al, 2017;Liang et al, 2019). Our previous in vitro study demonstrated that a variety of cell lines of different animal species or organs origin were susceptible to infection with PDCoV, including human (Huh7 and human cervical cancer cells, HeLa), monkey (African green monkey kidney cells, Vero-CCL81), avian (chicken embryo fibroblast cells, DF-1), and canine (Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, MDCK), implicating its zoonotic or interspecies transmission potential (Li et al, 2018).…”

Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA)-Enhanced Specificity of a Dual-Target Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) Assay for the Detection and Differentiation of SARS-CoV-2 from Related Viruses

“…These viruses, along with other genetically diverse SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) and MERS-related coronaviruses (MERSr-CoV), have been transmitted from their natural hosts such as bats and rodents to an intermediate animal host of different species such as civet cats and dromedary camels before being transmitted to a human host [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Genetically diverse coronaviruses have been known to cause infections not only in humans but also in animals [ 10 , 11 ]. Given the predisposition of coronaviruses, particularly betacoronaviruses, to switch hosts [ 5 ], an emergence or re-emergence of coronavirus disease or the possibility of another pandemic is highly plausible.…”