Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) infection, diagnosis and vaccination: A mini review

Sekhon, Simranjeet Singh; Nguyen, Phat-Loc; Ahn, Ji‐Young; Lee, Kyeong-Ah; Lee, Lyon; Kim, Sang Yong; Yoon, Hobaek; Park, Ji-Hoo; Ko, Jung Ho; Kim, Yang‐Hoon

doi:10.1007/s13530-016-0287-8

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…However, these PCR-based assays require well-equipped facilities, possibly expensive instruments, and trained personnel that typically are not suitable for on-the-spot detection in field situations or primitive laboratories in rural areas and developing countries. Recently, various isothermal amplification techniques that do not require the sophisticated thermos cycling involved in PCR have been developed as alternatives to PCR [ 51 , 52 ]. Alternate novel isothermal amplification techniques such as RT-LAMP and RT-RPA are rapid and do not require expensive equipment such as a thermal cycler, and hence can be performed in a point-of-care context or resource-poor laboratories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-Care Tests for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tian

Pang

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The timely and accurate diagnosis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection is crucial to reduce the risk of viral transmission. Therefore, the objective of this review was to evaluate the overall diagnostic accuracy of rapid point-of-care tests (POCTs) for PEDV. Studies published before 7 January 2022 were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Springer Link, and Web of Science databases, using subject headings or keywords related to point of care and rapid test diagnostic for PEDV and PED. Two investigators independently extracted data, rated risk of bias, and assessed the quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. The bivariate model and the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) model were used for performing the meta-analysis. Threshold effect, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression were applied to explore heterogeneity. Of the 2908 records identified, 24 eligible studies involving 3264 specimens were enrolled in the meta-analysis, including 11 studies on evaluation of lateral flow immunochromatography assay (ICA)-based, and 13 on nucleic acid isothermal amplification (NAIA)-based POCTs. The overall pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92–0.97), 0.96 (95% CI 0.88–0.99) and 480 (95% CI 111–2074), respectively; for ICA-based POCTs and the corresponding values for NAIA-based, POCTs were 0.97 (95% CI 0.94–0.99), 0.98 (95% CI 0.91–0.99) and 1517 (95% CI 290–7943), respectively. The two tests showed highly comparable and satisfactory diagnostic performance in clinical utility. These results support current recommendations for the use of rapid POC tests when PEDV is suspected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-Care Tests for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tian

Pang

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…PEDV infection has been responsible for watery diarrhea with 80-100% mortality in neonatal suckling piglets (Sun et al, 2012;Thomas et al, 2015). Since 2010, PED has led to severe economic losses to the swine industry worldwide (Turlewicz-Podbielska and Pomorska-Mól, 2021), especially in Asian countries, such as China and South Korea, and in North America (Sekhon et al, 2016). PEDV is mainly transmitted via the fecal-oral route, although eating contaminated feed causes transmission to piglets, and nasal-oral transmission has also been reported (Dee et al, 2014;Li et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butyrate limits the replication of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in intestine epithelial cells by enhancing GPR43-mediated IFN-III production

Fan²,

Shen³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a threat to the health of newborn piglets and has a significant impact on the swine industry. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are gut microbial metabolites that regulate intestinal function through different mechanisms to enhance the intestinal barrier and immune function. In this study, we aimed to determine whether butyrate displayed a better effect than other SCFAs on limiting PEDV replication in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Mechanistically, butyrate treatment activated the interferon (IFN) response and interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression. Further experiments showed that inhibition of GPR43 (free fatty acid receptor 2) in intestinal epithelial cells increased virus infection and reduced antiviral effects through IFN λ response. Our findings revealed that butyrate exerts its antiviral effects by inducing GPR43-mediated IFN production in intestinal epithelial cells.

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“…The M protein is a part of the viral envelope which plays an important role in the assembly of the virus and the release of viral particles. The M protein can induce the generation of neutralizing anti-M antibodies in the presence of the complement and stimulate the expression of interferon alpha genes [ 6 ]. The N protein is involved in viral replication and transcription and binds to the viral RNA forming complex that serves as the core of PEDV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The S1 region can be divided into five subdomains—S10, S1A, S1B, S1C and S1D—and is involved in virus–receptor recognition and binding, while the S2 region forms the transmembrane structure of the S protein and mediates cell membrane fusion. Furthermore, the whole S protein stimulates the induction of neutralizing antibodies in the host [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Olech¹

2022

Pathogens

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the Coronaviridae family, is the etiological agent of an acute and devastating enteric disease that causes moderate-to-high mortality in suckling piglets. The accurate and early detection of PEDV infection is essential for the prevention and control of the spread of the disease. Many molecular assays have been developed for the detection of PEDV, including reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays. Additionally, several serological methods have been developed and are widely used for the detection of antibodies against PEDV. Some of them, such as the immunochromatography assay, can generate results very quickly and in field conditions. Molecular assays detect viral RNA in clinical samples rapidly, and with high sensitivity and specificity. Serological assays can determine prior immune exposure to PEDV, can be used to monitor the efficacy of vaccination strategies and may help to predict the duration of immunity in piglets. However, they are less sensitive than nucleic acid-based detection methods. Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS) allow the analysis of PEDV cDNA or RNA sequences, and thus, provide highly specific results. Furthermore, NGS based on nonspecific DNA cleavage in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas systems promise major advances in the diagnosis of PEDV infection. The objective of this paper was to summarize the current serological and molecular PEDV assays, highlight their diagnostic performance and emphasize the advantages and drawbacks of the application of individual tests.

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) infection, diagnosis and vaccination: A mini review

Cited by 11 publications

References 84 publications

Point-of-Care Tests for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Point-of-Care Tests for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Butyrate limits the replication of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in intestine epithelial cells by enhancing GPR43-mediated IFN-III production

Current State of Molecular and Serological Methods for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

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