Porcine platelets <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies: Relevance to human thrombosis research

Søfteland, Eirik; Framstad, Tore; Thorsen, T.; Holmsen, Holm

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1992.tb00043.x

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…It is well known that differences in receptor expression exist together with differences in granule content [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Composition and quantity of coagulation factors are also influenced by the species, which plays an important role in the hemostatic process [ 22 , 25 ]. In-depth studies of the membrane interactions of CPB with porcine and human target cells would be required to investigate this difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Clostridium perfringens β-Toxin on Platelets

Thiel

Mogel

Bruggisser

et al. 2017

Toxins

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Clostridium perfringens β-toxin (CPB) is the major virulence factor of C. perfringens type C causing a hemorrhagic enteritis in animals and humans. In experimentally infected pigs, endothelial binding of CPB was shown to be associated with early vascular lesions and hemorrhage but without obvious thrombosis of affected vessels, suggesting altered hemostasis in the early phase of the disease. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of CPB on platelets, with respect to primary hemostasis. Our results demonstrate that CPB binds to porcine and human platelets and forms oligomers resulting in a time- and dose-dependent cell death. Platelets showed rapid ultrastructural changes, significantly decreased aggregation and could no longer be activated by thrombin. This indicates that CPB affects the physiological function of platelets and counteracts primary hemostasis. Our results add platelets to the list of target cells of CPB and extend the current hypothesis of its role in the pathogenesis of C. perfringens type C enteritis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Clostridium perfringens β-Toxin on Platelets

Thiel

Mogel

Bruggisser

et al. 2017

Toxins

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“…The physiology and anatomy of the porcine cardiovascular system and coagulation are similar to that of humans 20 , 21 . In addition, porcine PLTs share greater similarities in biochemical properties with human PLTs than other non-primate species 22 , 23 . Moreover, CPB is well-tolerated in pigs and the porcine model closely simulates the human situation in CPB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-level light therapy reduces platelet destruction during extracorporeal circulation

Drohomirecka

Iwaszko

Walski

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Extracorporeal circulation causes many deleterious effects on blood cells. Low-level light therapy (LLLT) in the red/near-infrared spectral range is known for its cytoprotective properties but its use during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has not yet been studied. We aimed to assess whether LLLT protects platelets during CPB. 24 pigs were connected to 1-hour-CPB and observed for the next 23 hours. In 12 animals, blood circulating through the oxygenator was treated with LLLT. Platelet count and function were monitored throughout the experiment. The decrease in platelet count was greater in the control group, especially during CPB and after 24 hours. In LLLT group CD62P expression remained quite stable up to the 12th hour of the experiment, whereas in the control group it continuously decreased till the end of observation. Platelets in the control group were more prone to aggregation in the postoperative period than at the beginning of the experiment, whereas platelets in the LLLT group aggregated similarly or less intense. Limitation of platelet loss, pattern of aggregation and CD62P expression suggest that LLLT may stabilize platelet function during CPB and diminish the negative effects associated with the interaction of cells with an artificial surface.

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“…Additionally other differences between porcine and human platelets such as a poorly developed arachidonic pathway as well as a poor response in aggregation and activation by epinephrine in the porcine platelets might limit the analysis of porcine platelet activation. However, a fair amount of evidence suggests that the porcine model maybe a good choice for in vivo experiments for platelet experimentation analyzing activation, aggregation and deposition from studies utilizing Genetic models for von Willebrand disease (vWD) and storage pooldeficiency (SPD), in vivo platelet deposition and early thrombus formation, platelet radio-labeling techniques (with 111In) and whole blood electrical (WBEA) and platelet rich plasma optical aggregometry (LTA) [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of activation and deposition of platelets exposed to the polymeric surface of the paclitaxel eluting stent

Granada

Alviar

Wallace-Bradley

et al. 2009

J Thromb Thrombolysis

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The interaction of platelets with the polymeric surface of drug eluting stents has not been fully described in the literature. Our aim was to analyze the patterns of activation and deposition of platelets exposed to two different stent platforms; (a) the polymeric surface of the paclitaxel eluting stent (Taxus((R)) stent, PES,) and (b) the metallic surface of a stent with identical structural design (Express((R)) stent, BMS). Platelet activation was tested by deploying stents in an in vitro flow chamber model. Anticoagulated blood of 25 healthy volunteers was circulated (flow rate 10 ml/min for 60 min) into the flow chamber system. P-selectin expression, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation (PAC-1 binding) and platelet-monocyte complexes (PMC) formation were evaluated at 0, 10, 30 and 60 min. Surface platelet deposition was assessed by surface electron microscopy in stents implanted in the in vitro system for 60 min and in stents implanted in normal porcine coronary arteries for 24 h. Platelet activation evaluation showed a higher P-Selectin expression (92.9% of baseline in PES versus 68.3 % in BMS, P = 0.01) and higher PMC formation (125.7 % of baseline in PES versus 75.6% in BMS, P < 0.01) in the PES compared to the BMS control group. PAC-1 binding levels did not differ among groups. In the in vitro study, SEM analysis of the stent surface showed no statistical differences on platelet deposition between the groups. In addition, presence of proteinaceous material was more frequently seen on the BMS group (moderate to complete coverage = 80% in BMS versus 26% in PES, P < 0.01). In the in vivo study, complete platelet coverage was similar between groups (PES = 7% versus BMS = 8%, P = NS). However, there was an overall trend towards less platelet deposition on the BMS surface (mild and moderate coverage = 83%, 9% in BMS versus 49%, 44% in PES, P < 0.001 for both) but thrombus formation was not observed in either group. The polymeric surface of the PES appears to induce a higher degree of platelet activation and deposition compared to the BMS surface. The biological implications of these findings on the patterns of vascular healing need to be further studied in vivo. Condensed Abstract The interaction of human platelets with the surface of drug eluting stents has not been fully characterized. Patterns of platelet activation and adhesion were evaluated in vitro and in vivo after exposing platelets to the surface of the paclitaxel-eluting stent and identical bare metal stent. The degree of PMC formation and P-selectin expression was increased in PES compared to BMS. In the in vivo study, complete platelet coverage was similar between groups. There was an overall trend towards less platelet deposition on the BMS surface, however, thrombus formation was not observed on either surface. The polymeric surface of the PES appears to induce a higher degree of platelet activation and deposition compared to the BMS surface.

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Porcine platelets in vitro and in vivo studies: Relevance to human thrombosis research

Cited by 26 publications

References 108 publications

Effect of Clostridium perfringens β-Toxin on Platelets

Effect of Clostridium perfringens β-Toxin on Platelets

Low-level light therapy reduces platelet destruction during extracorporeal circulation

Patterns of activation and deposition of platelets exposed to the polymeric surface of the paclitaxel eluting stent

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