Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus nsp5 Induces Incomplete Autophagy by Impairing the Interaction of STX17 and SNAP29

Zhou, Yanrong; Li, Yang; Tao, Ran; Li, Jia; Fang, Liurong; Xiao, Shaobo

doi:10.1128/spectrum.04386-22

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 61 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that PRRSV induces autophagy to facilitate its proliferation ( 15 – 17 ). Later studies have further shown that PRRSV Nsps, including Nsp2, Nsp3, and Nsp5, play critical roles in the induction of autophagy ( 18 – 21 ). For example, PRRSV Nsp2 is determined to trigger autophagy through induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress or aggresome formation ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus triggers Golgi apparatus fragmentation-mediated autophagy to facilitate viral self-replication

Zhao,

Qian,

Chen

et al. 2024

J Virol

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Macroautophagy/autophagy is a cellular degradation and recycling process that maintains the homeostasis of organisms. A growing number of studies have reported that autophagy participates in infection by a variety of viruses. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes severe financial losses to the global swine industry. Although much research has shown that PRRSV triggers autophagy for its own benefits, the exact molecular mechanisms involved in PRRSV-triggered autophagy remain to be fully elucidated. In the current study, we demonstrated that PRRSV infection significantly induced Golgi apparatus (GA) fragmentation, which promoted autophagy to facilitate viral self-replication. Mechanistically, PRRSV nonstructural protein 2 was identified to interact with and degrade the Golgi reassembly and stacking protein 65 dependent on its papain-like cysteine protease 2 activity, resulting in GA fragmentation. Upon GA fragmentation, GA-resident Ras-like protein in brain 2 was disassociated from Golgi matrix protein 130 and subsequently bound to unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1), which enhanced phosphorylation of ULK1 and promoted autophagy. Taken together, all these results expand the knowledge of PRRSV-triggered autophagy as well as PRRSV pathogenesis to support novel potential avenues for prevention and control of the virus. More importantly, these results provide the detailed mechanism of GA fragmentation-mediated autophagy, deepening the understanding of autophagic processes. IMPORTANCE Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection results in a serious swine disease affecting pig farming worldwide. Despite that numerous studies have shown that PRRSV triggers autophagy for its self-replication, how PRRSV induces autophagy is incompletely understood. Here, we identify that PRRSV Nsp2 degrades GRASP65 to induce GA fragmentation, which dissociates RAB2 from GM130 and activates RAB2-ULK1-mediated autophagy to enhance viral replication. This work expands our understanding of PRRSV-induced autophagy and PRRSV replication, which is beneficial for anti-viral drug development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus triggers Golgi apparatus fragmentation-mediated autophagy to facilitate viral self-replication

Zhao,

Qian,

Chen

et al. 2024

J Virol

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The dual role of autophagy during porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection: A review

He,

Li,

Yan

et al. 2024

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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Bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus induces incomplete autophagy to promote viral replication by activated beclin1 in vitro

Han,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Veterinary Microbiology

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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus nsp5 Induces Incomplete Autophagy by Impairing the Interaction of STX17 and SNAP29

Abstract: A substantial number of viruses have been demonstrated to utilize or hijack autophagy to benefit their replication. In the case of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), previous studies have demonstrated the proviral effects of autophagy on PRRSV proliferation.

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus triggers Golgi apparatus fragmentation-mediated autophagy to facilitate viral self-replication

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus triggers Golgi apparatus fragmentation-mediated autophagy to facilitate viral self-replication

The dual role of autophagy during porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection: A review

Bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus induces incomplete autophagy to promote viral replication by activated beclin1 in vitro

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