Pore analysis of thermally compressed Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i>L.) by mercury intrusion porosimetry

Li, Lili; Wang, Ximing; Yan, Yan; Ping, Lijuan

doi:10.1515/hf-2017-0083

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The porosity of untreated and heat-treated samples were analyzed according to the procedure described by Li et al [30], using an AutoPore IV 9500 V1.07 instrument (Micromeritics Instrument Corporation, USA). Samples that originated from the same slat before HT were used and oven-dried test pieces with dimensions of 6×6×5 (R×T×L) mm 3 and mass of about 0.3 g were prepared from these samples.…”

Section: Mercury Intrusion Porosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyl accessibility and dimensional changes of Scots pine sapwood affected by alterations in the cell wall ultrastructure during heat-treatment

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Willems²,

Hosseinpourpia

et al. 2018

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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There is a complex link between the water sorption behavior and the presence of accessible hydroxyl groups in the wood cell wall, which can be altered by heat-treatment (HT). This study analyses the effect of changes in the cell wall ultrastructure caused by two HT techniques on the hydroxyl accessibility, water vapor sorption and dimensional changes of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood. HT of wood in pressurized hot water at 120-170 °C was applied to cause the preferential bond cleavage, whereas HT of wood in oven-dry state in superheated steam at 180-240 °C was performed to create additional covalent cross-links within the cell wall matrix. Removal of cell wall polymers by HT and water leaching reduced the oven-dry dimensions of wood and enhanced the cellulose aggregation during drying. Cellulose aggregation restricted the cell wall shrinkage in circumferential direction, resulting in inhomogeneous shrinkage of the cell wall with only little changes in lumen volume by HT. Cellulose aggregation also reduced the water-saturated dimensions, but a decrease in swelling was only achieved when additional cross-links were formed by HT in dry state. Additional cross-links in the cell wall matrix also resulted in an additional reduction in water sorption at 25 °C and 93 % RH. However, this was not caused by a further reduction in the hydroxyl accessibility. Instead, cross-linking was shown to reduce the amount of accessible OH groups that are simultaneously active in sorption, which was explained based on the concept of sorption of water dimers at hydroxyl group pairs at high RH levels.

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Section: Mercury Intrusion Porosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyl accessibility and dimensional changes of Scots pine sapwood affected by alterations in the cell wall ultrastructure during heat-treatment

Altgen

Willems²,

Hosseinpourpia

et al. 2018

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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show abstract

“…Figure 1 (left) shows the cumulative volume and log-differential pore size distributions for Chinese fir samples. The 1-6 µm diameter variation of the pore volume of the control wood was caused by the pointed ends of the pits, the voids of the pit membranes, and the pit openings [31,32]. The log-differential distribution of the pore diameters between 1 and 6 µm decreased with increasing concentrations of FA due to the deposition of FA resin at the pointed ends of pits and tracheids.…”

Section: Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (Mip)mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The WPG of the poplar was less than that of the fir, the bulk density of the poplar was greater than that of the fir, and the porosity of the poplar was still less than that of the fir before and after modification. On the other hand, according to previous studies and changes in cumulative pore volume and log-differential pore-size distributions after furfurylation, the pore size distributions were grouped into three pore classes (below 800 nm, 800-5000 nm, and greater than 5000 nm) [32]. Additionally, the pore volume proportion was calculated as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (Mip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Impregnation with a Low-Concentration Furfuryl Alcohol Aqueous Solution on Hygroscopic Properties of Chinese Fir and Poplar Wood

Sun

Chang

et al. 2022

Forests

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Furfurylation with a low concentration of furfuryl alcohol (FA) promotes the improvement of the properties and the effectiveness of FA on cell–wall action without darkening the furfurylated wood to the point that it affects its applications. In this paper, the effects of furfurylation on the hygroscopicity and water uptake dimensional stability of poplar (Populus sp.) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) were analyzed. Meanwhile, the distribution of FA resin, the relationship between wood and water, the change in pore size distribution, and the weight percentage gain and cell wall bulking coefficient of wood were also investigated. The results were as follows: (1) A low concentration of FA could better enter the cell walls of the Chinese fir than the poplar, as FA resin was almost cured in the secondary walls, cell corners, and compound middle lamellae when a 10% concentration of FA was applied to the Chinese fir and poplar. When the FA concentration was increased to 30%, there were no significant increases in the amount of FA entering the cell walls and the amounts of FA cured in the cell lumen of the poplar were greater than those of the Chinese fir. Meanwhile, the modification of cell walls was more suitable in poplar than in Chinese fir. (2) The pointed ends of the pit chambers and the pit apertures (800–1000 nm) in the poplar and the small pores of the pit membranes and the pit apertures (1–6 μm) in the Chinese fir were partially deposited by the FA resin, which formed new pores in the size ranges of 80–600 nm and 15–100 nm, respectively. The porosity of the poplar was greater than that of the Chinese fir, and the bulk density of the poplar was less than that of the Chinese fir before and after modification. (3) Furfurylation with a low concentration of FA was able to better reduce the equilibrium moisture content, improve the anti-swelling efficiency, and enhance the dimensional stability of the poplar wood compared to the Chinese fir. Furfurylation effectively reduced water uptake due to the hydrophobic property of the FA resin. The water uptake of the Chinese fir increased by 17%–19% in second cyclic water soaking when treated with FA with various concentrations, which indicated the loss and leaching of FA resin during the test. Low-field NMR was used to demonstrate that the furfurylation not only reduced the amount of water but also affected the combination state of bound and free water with wood. Thus, furfurylation at a low concentration is a feasible method by which to extend applications of furfurylated wood.

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Combining mercury intrusion porosimetry and fractal theory to determine the porous characteristics of wood

2020

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Pore analysis of thermally compressed Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) by mercury intrusion porosimetry

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Hydroxyl accessibility and dimensional changes of Scots pine sapwood affected by alterations in the cell wall ultrastructure during heat-treatment

Hydroxyl accessibility and dimensional changes of Scots pine sapwood affected by alterations in the cell wall ultrastructure during heat-treatment

Effect of Impregnation with a Low-Concentration Furfuryl Alcohol Aqueous Solution on Hygroscopic Properties of Chinese Fir and Poplar Wood

Combining mercury intrusion porosimetry and fractal theory to determine the porous characteristics of wood

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