Pore radius estimation based on organic solute molecular shape and effects of pressure on pore radius for a reverse osmosis membrane

Kiso, Yoshiaki; Muroshige, Kentaro; Oguchi, Takehiko; Hirose, Masahiko; Ohara, Takayoshi; Shintani, Takuji

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2010.12.005

Cited by 59 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The term MWd was first proposed by Kiso et al [15] to describe the projected two-dimensional area of a molecule, and it is critical to understanding the passage of compounds through the free-volume holes of a membrane. As illustrated in Figure 9.2, the MWd is calculated from the area (S) of the minimum rectangle area perpendicular to the Laxis (the line connecting the two most distant atoms of the molecule) [16]. A more detailed description of MWd is given elsewhere [16].…”

Section: Molecular Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As illustrated in Figure 9.2, the MWd is calculated from the area (S) of the minimum rectangle area perpendicular to the Laxis (the line connecting the two most distant atoms of the molecule) [16]. A more detailed description of MWd is given elsewhere [16]. In fact, the minimum projection area (MPA) and its derivative property -MWd -of neutral TrOCs are strongly correlated with their rejection by a given membrane [16][17][18].…”

Section: Molecular Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more detailed description of MWd is given elsewhere [16]. In fact, the minimum projection area (MPA) and its derivative property -MWd -of neutral TrOCs are strongly correlated with their rejection by a given membrane [16][17][18]. However, these correlations are limited to hydrophilic neutral TrOCs.…”

Section: Molecular Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of Emerging Contaminants for Water Reuse by Membrane Technology

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2016

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Section: Molecular Sizementioning

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Removal of Emerging Contaminants for Water Reuse by Membrane Technology

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“…Transport of uncharged solutes such as N-nitrosamines through porous membranes is governed by diffusive and convective flows inside the pores, which is commonly expressed with the hydrodynamic model (Eq. (6)) [81,82].…”

Section: Feed Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although RO membranes generally have non-porous active skin layer, free-volume spaces in the membrane polymer chains can be considered as fictive pore radius [83] and the hydrodynamic model may be still effective [82]. In fact, the free-volume hole-size in the active skin layer of RO membranes have been analysed by previous studies [84,85] using the positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy technique.…”

Section: Feed Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-nitrosamine removal by reverse osmosis for indirect potable water reuse – A critical review based on observations from laboratory-, pilot- and full-scale studies

Fujioka

Khan

Poussade

et al. 2012

Separation and Purification Technology

126

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Nghiem, L. D. (2012). N-nitrosamine removal by reverse osmosis for indirect potable water reuse -A critical review based on observations from laboratory, pilot and full-scale studies. Separation and Purification Technology, a b s t r a c t N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and several other N-nitrosamines have been identified as probable human carcinogens. Here, we review key aspects related to the occurrence and removal of N-nitrosamines by reverse osmosis (RO) membranes in the context of indirect potable water reuse. A comprehensive analysis of the existing data reveals significant variations in the rejection of NDMA by RO membranes reported in the literature, ranging from negligible up to 86%. This review article provides some insight into the reasons for such variations by examining the available data on the effects of operating conditions on NDMA rejection. Amongst several operating parameters investigated so far in the literature, feed temperature, membrane permeate flux, feed solution pH and ionic strength were found to have considerable impact on NDMA rejection by RO membranes. In particular, it has been recently shown that seasonal changes in feed temperature (e.g. from 20 to 30°C) can result in a significant decrease in NDMA rejection (from 49% to 25%). However, the combined effects of all operating parameters identified in the literature to date can only account for some of the variations in NDMA rejection that have been observed in full-scale RO plants. The impacts of membrane fouling and particularly chemical cleaning on the rejection of N-nitrosamines have not been fully investigated. Finally, this review article presents a roadmap for further research required to optimise the rejection of NDMA and other N-nitrosamines by RO membranes. Crown

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Nanofiltration – Theory and Application

Bellona

2014

Desalination

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Nanofi ltration (NF) represents a relatively recent development in membrane technology with characteristics that fall between ultrafi ltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO). NF membranes capable of ion and small uncharged solute separation (i.e., loose NF) represent a unique membrane process that can be used for a variety of applications. With effective pore sizes in the range of 1 nm, solute removal is believed to be a function of steric hindrance, and Donnan and dielectric exclusion which, allows for manipulation of the NF process to achieve preferential removal of multi-valent ions, separation of uncharged solutes based on size, and demineralization of process streams containing valuable constituents. Signifi cant recent interest in the use of NF for a wide variety of separation processes indicates that further membrane development will lead to increased use of NF in the near future. This chapter provides an overview of NF technology including history, theory and application.

show abstract

Pore radius estimation based on organic solute molecular shape and effects of pressure on pore radius for a reverse osmosis membrane

Cited by 59 publications

References 41 publications

Removal of Emerging Contaminants for Water Reuse by Membrane Technology

Removal of Emerging Contaminants for Water Reuse by Membrane Technology

N-nitrosamine removal by reverse osmosis for indirect potable water reuse – A critical review based on observations from laboratory-, pilot- and full-scale studies

Nanofiltration – Theory and Application

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